(A) CaD80 maps with four recording sites of three groups under sinus rhythm. (B) Difference quantitation from CaD90 to CaD20 of three groups, (n=4) per group, ^#P<0.05 vs. control group; *P<0.05 vs. bisoprolol group. (C) Delineation of CaD graph at four tracing sites among three groups in the condition of sinus rate. (D) Plotting of CaD dispersion of three groups, (n=4) per group. (E) Active time of Ca²⁺ signal channel among three groups in sinus state. (F) Quantitation of time to peak in CaD phase, (n=4) per group. ^#P<0.05 vs. control group; *P<0.05 vs. bisoprolol group. (G) Heterogeneity of calcium wave dissemination per isolated heart of three groups based on sinus rhythm. (H) Calculation of Ca²⁺ wave propagation variation among three groups, (n=4) per group. *P<0.05 indicates statistical significance.