Cell membranes extracted from cancer cell lines are used as artificial cell membranes. This membrane carries tissue-specific cell adhesion molecules/proteins that can recognise specific cancer cells. Histone protein mixed with an anti-cancer p53 gene are encapsulated within these cell membranes by physical extrusion methods. As this membrane is extracted from natural cells, artificial cells prepared with this membrane can invade the host's immune defence, selectively target particular cancer cells and be used as a tumour-homing tool in in vivo systems [63].