Risk factors such as obesity, diet, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis stimulate MAFLD, which can progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Lifestyle intervention (diet and exercise) and therapeutic interventions inhibit fatty liver diseases; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; GLP-1RAs, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; SGLT-2, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2; THR-β, thyroid hormone receptor-β. Created with Biorender.com