Schematic diagram depicting an example of a basic liver-on-chip model as a representative organ-on-chip (OoC).
The active flow within the channel of a chip enables cells to be perfused with media containing oxygen and nutrients (inlet) and the removal of waste products and the sampling of metabolites for assessment of cell function (outlet). This schematic is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent any particular existing OoC model or all possible types of OoC models. It is intended to exemplify some of the basic bioengineering principles required for the development of an OoC unit.