(A) Role of SRs in COVID infection of cells. SRs regulate ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression, allowing for SARS-CoV-2 interaction with ACE2, activation of S-proteins by TMPRSS2, and viral entry. (B) Data from www.signalingpathways.org indicating binding scores (x-axis) of the androgen (AR), glucocorticoid (GR), progesterone (PGR), and estrogen (ESR1), receptors within an area of 10 kb up- or downstream from the transcription start site (TSS) of the ACE2 (green) and TMPRSS2 (blue) genes in multiple human cell types. Binding scores for the pioneer factor, FOXA1, are also provided.