(A) The particle size and morphology of MEXs detected by electron microscopy, scale bar = 100 nm. (B) Expression levels of CD9, CD63 and CD81 in MEXs detected by flow cytometry. (C) Expression levels of CD9 and CD63 in tMSCs and MEXs detected by Western blot. (D and E) Expression levels of TSP-1 in MEXs, MEXs^LPS, MEXs^LPS-TSP1sh1, MEXs^LPS-TSP1sh2. Data were represented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments, ****P<0.0001.