(A) p-JNK, JNK, p-p38, p38, p-ERK1/2, and ERK1/2 protein levels assessed by Western blot analysis. The expression of p-JNK was elevated in the PTH group compared with the LPS group, while p38, p-p38, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 protein exhibited no distinct differences. (B) Relative phosphorylation level was measured by densitometry analysis using ImageJ software. (C) Protein amounts of p-JNK and JNK obtained by Western blot analysis on SP600125 treatment showed that PTH increased the expression of p-JNK. Data are mean ± SD. *P<0.05 versus the control (HBMSCs) group; ^#P<0.05 versus the LPS (HBMSCs + LPS) group, n=5.