(A) PRRs recognise recognise DAMPs and PAMPs to activate the canonical inflammasome. This results in the activation of caspase-1 which cleaves GSDMD leading to pore formation and pyroptosis. Caspase-1 also activates pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-18 and IL-1b, which are release during pyroptosis and other substrates with unknown functional consequences (protein X). (B) Intracellular LPS from Gram negative bacteria activates the non-canonical inflammasome. GBPs aid the activation of caspase-4 and -5 by LPS. Caspase-4 and -5 cleave GSDMD, inducing pyroptosis, and other substrates with unknown functional consequences (protein X).