(A) The chemical formula of ICA. (B) Cell vitality of ADTC5 chondrocytes treated for 24 h with the indicated concentrations of ICA was determined by MTS assays. (C) Cell vitality of ADTC5 chondrocytes treated for 24 h with TNF-α (20 ng/ml) or/and ICA (10⁻⁶ mol/l) was determined by MTS assays. (D and E) ICA suppressed ECM degradation in mouse articular cartilage model. The region surrounded by the dotted lines is the defect. H&E and SO staining showed the defects in mice treated without or with ICA for 2 (D) or 6 (E) weeks; magnification = 100; bar: 200 µm. (F) ICRS II score of mice treated for 6 weeks. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 were regarded as significance and extremely significance, respectively.