Abbreviations: GSE49149, genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in PDAC (accession number of GEO, 49149); GO, Gene Ontology; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; K–M survival analysis, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; ROC curve, receiver operating characteristic curve; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; TSS, transcription start site; UTR, untranslated region.