At promoter regions, Set1 methyltransferase (COMPASS complex), which is associated with the Ser5-phosphorylated C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of the Pol II and PAF transcription elongation complex, methylates H3K4 of a nucleosome; NuA4 histone acetyltransferase is then recruited to the H3K4me-nucleosome and activated by the cooperative binding of Eaf3 CD, Yng2 PHD, and probably specific domains of the other subunits of NuA4; finally, NuA4 acetylates the nucleosome for efficient transcription initiation. In coding regions, Set2 methyltransferase, which is associated with the Ser2,Ser5-phosphorylated CTD of Pol II, methylates H3K36 of a nucleosome; Rpd3S histone deacetylase is then recruited to the H3K36me-nuclesome through its association with the Set2 and Ser2,Ser5-phosphorylated CTD of Pol II, and activated by cooperative binding of Eaf3 CD and Rco1 PHD; finally, Rpd3S deacetylates the nucleosome to repress spurious transcription from cryptic start sites. To reduce complexity, many of the other chromatin and transcription factors are not depicted.