Indicated doses of SOG (25, 50 and 100 μM) or DMSO (vehicle) were added to cells 30 min before LPS stimulation. Cells were collected and protein samples were prepared after LPS treatment for 15 minutes. (A) Total and phosphorylated MAPKs including JNK, p38 and ERK1/2 were evaluated using western blot assay. (B) ImageJ software was employed to quantify band density. The relative levels of target proteins were compared between samples. The results of three independent experiments were expressed as means ± SEM. ##P < 0.01 and ###P < 0.001 versus group treated by vehicle; ***P < 0.001 versus group treated by LPS.