Gram-negative bacteria are known to cause severe infections in both humans and animals. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Gram-negative bacteria is a major challenge in the treatment of clinical infections globally due to the propensity of these organisms to rapidly develop resistance against antimicrobials in use. In addition, Gram-negative bacteria possess highly efficient mechanisms through which the AMR can be disseminated between pathogenic and commensal bacteria of the same or different species. These unique traits of Gram-negative bacteria have resulted in evolution of Gram-negative bacterial strains demonstrating resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials. The evergrowing resistance issue has not only resulted in limitation of treatment options but also led to increased treatment costs and mortality rates in humans and animals. With few or no new antimicrobials in production to combat severe life-threatening infections, AMR has been described as the one of the most severe, long-term threats to human health. Aside from overuse and misuse of antimicrobials in humans, another factor that has exacerbated the emergence of AMR in Gram-negative bacteria is the veterinary use of antimicrobials that belong to the same classes considered to be critically important for treating serious life-threatening infections in humans. Despite the fact that development of AMR dates back to before the introduction of antimicrobials, the recent surge in the resistance towards all available critically important antimicrobials has emerged as a major public health issue. This review thus focuses on discussing the development, transmission and public health impact of AMR in Gram-negative bacteria in animals.
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March 2017
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A representative image of a microfl uidic device for antibiotic susceptibility testing. In the device, bacterial cells are immobilized enabling realtime monitoring of bacterial morphology. Upon addition of antibiotics, susceptible cells die, while the resistant bacteria survive. For more information please see the article by Aroonnual et al. (pages 91-101). - PDF Icon PDF LinkTable of Contents
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Review Article|
March 03 2017
Development and transmission of antimicrobial resistance among Gram-negative bacteria in animals and their public health impact
Shewli Mukerji;
Shewli Mukerji
1School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia
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Mark O’Dea;
Mark O’Dea
2School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Murdoch, Murdoch, Western Australia
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Mary Barton;
Mary Barton
3School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
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Roy Kirkwood;
Roy Kirkwood
1School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia
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Terence Lee;
Terence Lee
2School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Murdoch, Murdoch, Western Australia
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Sam Abraham
2School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Murdoch, Murdoch, Western Australia
Correspondence: Sam Abraham (s.abraham@murdoch.edu.au)
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
November 03 2016
Revision Received:
January 26 2017
Accepted:
January 27 2017
Online ISSN: 1744-1358
Print ISSN: 0071-1365
© 2017 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
2017
Essays Biochem (2017) 61 (1): 23–35.
Article history
Received:
November 03 2016
Revision Received:
January 26 2017
Accepted:
January 27 2017
Citation
Henrietta Venter, Shewli Mukerji, Mark O’Dea, Mary Barton, Roy Kirkwood, Terence Lee, Sam Abraham; Development and transmission of antimicrobial resistance among Gram-negative bacteria in animals and their public health impact. Essays Biochem 3 March 2017; 61 (1): 23–35. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/EBC20160055
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