...Mikhail Bogdanov Membrane asymmetry means that the two sides of membrane are structurally, physically and functionally different. Membrane asymmetry is largely related to the lipid sidedness and particularly to compositional (lipid head and acyl group) and physical (lipid packing order, charge...

...Anders Aufderhorst-Roberts; Margarita Staykova The interaction between the actin cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells is integral to a large number of functions such as shape change, mechanical reinforcement and contraction. These phenomena are driven by the architectural...

...Anna Wang; Jack W. Szostak Primitive life must have possessed the essential features of modern cellular life, but without highly evolved proteins to perform dynamic functions such as nutrient transport and membrane remodeling. Here, we consider the membrane properties of protocells — minimal cells...