... mechanisms that can lead to edema Inflammatory mediators cause partial disruption of endothelial cell–cell junctions, shedding of the luminal glycocalyx, and decreased junctional lamellipodia activity at cell borders, which all contribute to facilitating paracellular movement of fluid and solutes across...

... 4.0 (CC BY) . Open access for the present article was enabled by the participation of University of Arizona in an all-inclusive Read & Publish agreement with Portland Press and the Biochemical Society under a transformative agreement with Individual. endothelial cells hypertension...

... and quantified rat ASC-exosome miRNAs and used bioinformatics to select uncharacterized miRNAs down-regulated in post-MI related to cardiac repair. We selected and validated miR-196a-5p and miR-425-5p as candidates for the concerted response in neonatal cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts, endothelial cells...

...). The recording lasted at least 30 min after parameter stabilization and were performed in a data acquisition system (MP100/150—Acqknowledge IV; Biopac System; Santa Barbara, CA), in conscious rats 20–24 h after catheterization. Angiotensin-(1-7) ANP Arterial Pressure Brain endothelial cells...

... are not completely understood. The present study tested the hypothesis that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), a proatherogenic component of oxLDL, induces endothelial calcium influx, which drives NOX5-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative stress, and endothelial cell dysfunction. Approach: Human...

... is important in the vascular system where it is found in arterial and venous endothelial cells and arterial smooth muscle cells in many vascular beds. Among the best characterized functions of ACE2 is its role in regulating vascular tone. ACE2 through its effector peptide Ang-(1-7) and receptor Mas1 induces...

... males and females. Besides the action of estrogen, sex chromosome gene expression and programming effects also provoke this sexual dimorphism. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as regulators of endothelial cell function and dysfunction. We here hypothesized distinct miRNA expression patterns in male...

... translocator (ARNT) is a key mediator of proper placental angiogenesis, and within placental endothelial cells (ECs) from human FGRadv pregnancies, low expression of ARNT leads to decreased vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression and deficient tube formation. Thus, the aim of the present study...

... in diabetic patients. Endothelial cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are important mediators of intercellular communication in the pathogenesis of several diseases. However, the exact mechanisms of wound healing mediated by endothelial cell-derived sEVs remain unclear. sEVs were isolated from...

... alter miRNA expression. In adults, the miRNA transcriptome as well as endothelial function differ between the sexes. Here, we hypothesized that metabolic disturbances associated with gestational diabetes (GDM) alter miRNA signatures in feto-placental endothelial cells (fpEC), dependent on fetal sex. We...

... protein FKBP12. TGF receptor-type I (TGFRI) spontaneous activation is inhibited by the association with FKBP12. We hypothesized that rapamycin, in addition to inhibition of mTOR signaling, activates TGFRI independent of TGFβ. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with rapamycin (10...

... responsible for endothelial proliferation, a root cause of PAH-associated vascular remodeling. Lung tissue specimens from PAH and non-PAH patients and hypoxia-exposed human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (ECs) (HPAEC) were assessed for mRNA and protein expression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were...

..., and enhanced migration and proliferation of choroidal endothelial cells (ChEC) in the retina rupturing through the Bruch's membrane. In the active phase, CNV starts to expand, either by remaining beneath the RPE or by entering the sub-retinal space ( Figure 1 ). Ultimately, in the end phase CNV becomes...

...), in the form of WM lesions. Despite this, it is unclear to what extent the key cell types involved–the endothelial cells (ECs) of the vasculature and the oligodendrocytes of the WM–interact. Here, we describe the work that has so far been carried out suggesting an interaction between ECs and oligodendrocytes...

... clinical benefit. The adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) is a weak toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist that induces negligible inflammation but retains potent immunomodulatory properties. We postulated that pre-treatment with MPLA would inhibit the inflammatory response of endothelial cells...

... filtration barrier Electron microscopy images ( A : scanning, B and C : transmission) of the glomerular capillary filtration barrier. Podocyte (POD), endothelial cells (EC), GBM, endothelial surface layer–glycocalyx (ESL) (pictures courtesy of Dr Kathryn E White, University of Newcastle, U.K...

... pathways. Cilostazol also enhanced proliferation, chemotaxis, NO production and vascular tube formation in HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) through activation of multiple signalling pathways downstream of PI3K/Akt/eNOS. Cilostazol up-regulated VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor)-A 165...

... of atherosclerosis. We therefore subjected cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells and coronary artery smooth muscle cells to oxidative stress induced by xanthine oxidase or hydrogen peroxide and observed alterations in ET-1 metabolism. Incubation with oxygen-derived free radicals increased preproET-1...

... in experimental studies. Another potent pro-atherosclerotic risk factor is oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Endothelial cells mediate the uptake of oxLDL by the recently identified lectin-like oxLDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), which accumulates in atherosclerotic lesions. In the present study, we analysed...

... injury. We also found that FK409 substantially reduced endothelin-1 (ET-1) production in cultured vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is known to play a key role in the development of ischaemic disorders through regulation of the expression of a variety of genes. In the present...

... A (CsA)- and tacrolimus-associated nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate whether the new immunosuppressive drug mycophenolic acid (MPA), which in contrast with CsA and tacrolimus lacks nephrotoxic side effects, modulates ET-1 synthesis in endothelial cells and renal epithelial cells. ET-1...

...M. A. Hidalgo; D. J. Mann; B. J. Fuller; C. J. Green 1. Hypothermic storage of whole organs flushed with a preservation solution is common practice in clinical transplantation. This procedure leaves vascular endothelial cells in direct contact with the preservation solution during the length...

... pathophysiology [ 1, 21. Endogenous NO is formed from the semiessential amino acid L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS), of which three main iso- forms have been described. Constitutive forms of NOS (cNOS) are found in endothelial cells and produce NO that is responsible for endothelium- dependent vasodilatation...