... in the developmental programming of hypertension and renal disease. The purpose of this review is to highlight the great number of studies, most of them performed in animal models, showing the broad range of stressors involved in hypertension and renal disease programming, with a particular focus on the stressors...

...Mark Hedley Vickers A clear link has been established between alterations in the early life environment and the risk for developing a range of cardiometabolic diseases in later life, a process preferentially termed developmental programming. In particular, alterations in the maternal nutritional...

... focuses largely on the developmental programming of cardiovascular function and begins with a brief discussion on the emergence of the ‘Barker hypothesis’, and its subsequent evolution into the more-encompassing DOHaD framework. We then discuss some fundamental pathophysiological processes by which...

... to the developmental programming of increased cardiovascular risk. Numerous epidemiological studies support the link between influences during early life and later cardiovascular health; experimental models provide proof of principle and indicate that numerous mechanisms contribute to the developmental origins...

... molecular underpinnings of programmed hypertension and related disorders in those subjected to suboptimal intrauterine conditions, yet their contributions to developmental programming remain unexplored. We propose that danger signals mobilized by the placenta or fetal tissues during complicated pregnancy...

...Saleh H. Alwasel; David J. P. Barker; Nick Ashton Sodium retention has been proposed as the cause of hypertension in the LP rat (offspring exposed to a maternal low-protein diet in utero ) model of developmental programming because of increased renal NKCC2 (Na + /K + /2Cl − co-transporter 2...

... A). developmental programming lifespan maternal diet renal function senescence stress response Aging is a biological process that is accompanied by a progressive decline in physiological functions, leading to increased risk of diseases and ultimately death. Although many theories, such as the free...

...±S.E.M. * P <0.05, ** P <0.01 and *** P <0.001 [for 21 days of age: n =10 for control animals (C), n =8 for PLP animals and n =10 for recuperated animals (R); for 12 weeks of age: n =9 for control, PLP and recuperated animals]. developmental programming immunosenescence lifespan...

... of the brain ( P <0.001) was relatively spared, whereas the reduction in fat masses (both P <0.001) were greater than overall body weight ( Table 1 ). developmental programming energy balance hypothalamic neuropeptide lactation obesity pregnancy Over recent decades, there has been...

...] or in itself (through nutrition or prematurity for example). The present review will focus on the mechanisms studied to date underlying developmental programming of elevated BP and vascular dysfunction, leaving aside, however, analysis of the heart programming literature [ 7 ]. Despite these large...