The gut microbiome functions like an endocrine organ, generating enzymes and bioactive metabolites, which affect host physiology. In addition metabolism-independent processes like impaired intestinal barrier function may result in bacterial translocation and an increased inflammation. Specific microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) have been detected that induce immune activation via cognate pattern-recognition receptors on host immune cells, with subsequent consequences on inflammatory-induced endothelial dysfunction. Alterations in intestinal microbial and metabolic composition play an important role in human health and disease, including cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Changes in the composition of gut microbiota (dysbiosis) are linked to chronic inflammation, thrombosis, atherogenesis, chronic heart, and kidney disease, as well as to autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematodes. Although non-selective approaches that broadly alter microbial community structure, such as prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation, may have some promise, targeting defined microbial pathways and adjacent host immune responses may be the ultimate scientific goal.
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November 2018
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α-Smooth muscle actin staining of perinatal nicotine exposed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) upon myogenic induction. In Clinical Science volume 132, issue 21, Sakurai et al. report that perinatal nicotine-induced BMSC myofibroblast differentiation can be prevented by augmenting the lipofibroblast phenotype; for details, see pages 2357–2368.
Editorial|
November 19 2018
Impact of the gut microbiome in cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases
Michael Weis
1Hospital Neuwittelsbach of the Sisters of Mercy, Renatastrasse 71a, 80639, Munich, Germany
Correspondence: Michael Weis (prof.weis@krankenhaus-neuwittelsbach.de)
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
August 15 2018
Revision Received:
September 01 2018
Accepted:
September 04 2018
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
2018
Clin Sci (Lond) (2018) 132 (22): 2387–2389.
Article history
Received:
August 15 2018
Revision Received:
September 01 2018
Accepted:
September 04 2018
Citation
Michael Weis; Impact of the gut microbiome in cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 30 November 2018; 132 (22): 2387–2389. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20180410
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