1. Maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2 max.), lung volumes, and ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide and hypoxia have been measured in identical twin athletes, who were trained to a similar high degree.

2. The results confirm previous findings for V̇o2 max. and lung volumes in identical twins, and are in keeping with the suggestion that genetic factors play a major part in determining the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide and hypoxia.

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