The MS (metabolic syndrome) is a cluster of clinical and biochemical abnormalities characterized by central obesity, dyslipidaemia [hypertriglyceridaemia and decreased HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol)], glucose intolerance and hypertension. Insulin resistance, hyperleptinaemia and low plasma levels of adiponectin are also widely related to features of the MS. This review focuses on lipid metabolism alterations associated with the MS, paying special attention to changes in plasma lipids and cellular fatty acid oxidation. Lipid metabolism alterations in liver and peripheral tissues are addressed, with particular reference to adipose and muscle tissues, and the mechanisms by which some adipokines, namely leptin and adiponectin, mediate the regulation of fatty acid oxidation in those tissues. Activation of the AMPK (AMP-dependent kinase) pathway, together with a subsequent increase in fatty acid oxidation, appear to constitute the main mechanism of action of these hormones in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Decreased activation of AMPK appears to have a role in the development of features of the MS. In addition, alteration of AMPK signalling in the hypothalamus, which may function as a sensor of nutrient availability, integrating multiple nutritional and hormonal signals, may have a key role in the appearance of the MS.
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February 2008
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Review Article|
January 08 2008
Alterations in plasma and tissue lipids associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome
Concepción M. Aguilera;
Concepción M. Aguilera
*Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja 18071 Granada, Spain
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Mercedes Gil-Campos;
Mercedes Gil-Campos
†Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
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Ramón Cañete;
Ramón Cañete
†Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
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Ángel Gil
*Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja 18071 Granada, Spain
Correspondence: Professor Ángel Gil (email agil@ugr.es).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
April 02 2007
Revision Received:
June 20 2007
Accepted:
July 20 2007
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2008 Biochemical Society
2008
Clin Sci (Lond) (2008) 114 (3): 183–193.
Article history
Received:
April 02 2007
Revision Received:
June 20 2007
Accepted:
July 20 2007
Citation
Concepción M. Aguilera, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Ramón Cañete, Ángel Gil; Alterations in plasma and tissue lipids associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 February 2008; 114 (3): 183–193. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20070115
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