The brine shrimp, Artemia, reproduces either oviparously, producing encysted embryos (diapause cysts), or ovoviviparously, producing free-swimming nauplii. Environmental factors, such as photoperiod, have been applied to control the reproduction mode of Artemia, but when the determination of a reproductive mode occurs remains unknown. We analysed the differential gene expression between oocytes from oviparous and ovoviviparous Artemia reared under different photoperiods. A total of 692 qualified cDNA clones were obtained by subtractive hybridization, 327 of which matched GenBank® Nucleotide Sequence Database entries. Gene expressions of 44 cDNAs (representing 56 clones) were analysed in oocytes using real-time PCR. Among these genes, 11 (21 clones) were significantly (P<0.05) up-regulated and 7 (9 clones) down-regulated in Artemia oocytes that subsequently enter diapause. Remarkably, known diapause-related proteins such as ArHsp22 (Artemia heat-shock protein 22) and chitin-binding proteins are found to be already differentially expressed. Furthermore, RNAi (RNA interference) knockdown of a differentially expressed gene, polo-like kinase 1, in oocyte of ovoviviparous Artemia led to the production of white embryos rather than free-swimming nauplii. In summary, our results provide evidence at the molecular level that the reproductive mode of Artemia is already determined at the oocyte stage of their life cycle.
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Research Article|
October 04 2010
Determination in oocytes of the reproductive modes for the brine shrimp Artemia parthenogenetica
Zhong-Min Dai;
Zhong-Min Dai
*Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Ran Li;
Ran Li
*Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Li Dai;
Li Dai
*Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Jin-Shu Yang;
Jin-Shu Yang
*Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Su Chen;
Su Chen
*Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Qing-Guo Zeng;
Qing-Guo Zeng
*Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Fan Yang;
Fan Yang
*Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Wei-Jun Yang
Wei-Jun Yang
1
*Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
†National Center for Gene Conservation of the Endangered Wild Animals and Plants, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email w_jyang@cls.zju.edu.cn).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
October 22 2009
Revision Received:
March 18 2010
Accepted:
March 30 2010
Accepted Manuscript online:
March 30 2010
Online ISSN: 1573-4935
Print ISSN: 0144-8463
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2011 Biochemical Society
2011
Biosci Rep (2011) 31 (1): 17–30.
Article history
Received:
October 22 2009
Revision Received:
March 18 2010
Accepted:
March 30 2010
Accepted Manuscript online:
March 30 2010
Citation
Zhong-Min Dai, Ran Li, Li Dai, Jin-Shu Yang, Su Chen, Qing-Guo Zeng, Fan Yang, Wei-Jun Yang; Determination in oocytes of the reproductive modes for the brine shrimp Artemia parthenogenetica. Biosci Rep 1 February 2011; 31 (1): 17–30. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20090141
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