The eukaryotic cell cycle is a fundamental evolutionarily conserved process that regulates cell division from simple unicellular organisms, such as yeast, through to higher multicellular organisms, such as humans. The cell cycle comprises several phases, including the S-phase (DNA synthesis phase) and M-phase (mitotic phase). During S-phase, the genetic material is replicated, and is then segregated into two identical daughter cells following mitotic M-phase and cytokinesis. The S- and M-phases are separated by two gap phases (G1 and G2) that govern the readiness of cells to enter S- or M-phase. Genetic and biochemical studies demonstrate that cell division in eukaryotes is mediated by CDKs (cyclin-dependent kinases). Active CDKs comprise a protein kinase subunit whose catalytic activity is dependent on association with a regulatory cyclin subunit. Cell-cycle-stage-dependent accumulation and proteolytic degradation of different cyclin subunits regulates their association with CDKs to control different stages of cell division. CDKs promote cell cycle progression by phosphorylating critical downstream substrates to alter their activity. Here, we will review some of the well-characterized CDK substrates to provide mechanistic insights into how these kinases control different stages of cell division.
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Review Article|
March 17 2010
Control of cell cycle progression by phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) substrates
Randy Suryadinata;
Randy Suryadinata
*Cell Cycle and Cancer Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
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Martin Sadowski;
Martin Sadowski
*Cell Cycle and Cancer Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
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Boris Sarcevic
Boris Sarcevic
1
*Cell Cycle and Cancer Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
†Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (bsarcevic@svi.edu.au).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
December 23 2009
Revision Received:
January 29 2010
Accepted:
February 05 2010
Online ISSN: 1573-4935
Print ISSN: 0144-8463
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2010 Biochemical Society
2010
Biosci Rep (2010) 30 (4): 243–255.
Article history
Received:
December 23 2009
Revision Received:
January 29 2010
Accepted:
February 05 2010
Citation
Randy Suryadinata, Martin Sadowski, Boris Sarcevic; Control of cell cycle progression by phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) substrates. Biosci Rep 1 August 2010; 30 (4): 243–255. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20090171
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