... downstream signalling and tumorigenesis. Since the E ndosomal S orting C omplexes R equired for T ransport (ESCRT) controls these processes, ESCRT components were proposed to act as tumour suppressor genes. However, the bona fide role of ESCRT components in tumorigenesis has not been clearly demonstrated...

..., and the impact on the pathways in which that protein is involved. In this paper we examine the mutation patterns observed in oncogenes and tumour suppressors, and discuss different approaches that have been developed to identify driver mutations within cancers that contribute to the disease progress. We also...

... function as tumour suppressors has been proposed based on well-described roles in tran-scriptional repression. The present review summarizes the current knowledge of SAFB1 and SAFB2 proteins in transcriptional repression with relevance to cancer. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed...

... development. We have recently described a novel regulatory pathway involving miR-29 and p53 tumour suppressor which has provided valuable information on the molecular components orchestrating the response to nuclear damage stress. Furthermore, by using progeroid mice deficient in ZMPSTE24 (zinc...

.... 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email stenmark@ulrik.uio.no ). 17 7 2008 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 apoptosis endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) growth factor receptor Notch tumour suppressor...

...Lezanne Ooi; Ian C. Wood Many human diseases are the result of inappropriate changes in gene expression resulting in deleterious phenotypes of specific cells. For example, loss of expression of tumour suppressors and/or ectopic expression of oncogenes underlie many cancers, a switch from an adult...

...Joanne Elliott; Michelle B. Hookham; James A. Johnston Many studies have suggested that E3 ubiquitin ligases can behave as either oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes and, recently, it has become clear that the SOCS (suppressor of cytokine signalling) E3 ligases fit this mould. While most cancer...

...Michelle J. Nyhan; Gerald C. O'Sullivan; Sharon L. McKenna The VHL (von Hippel–Lindau) tumour-suppressor gene is inactivated in VHL disease and in sporadic cases of CCRCC [clear-cell RCC (renal cell carcinoma)]. pVHL (VHL protein) functions as part of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that targets...

... a stabilized tetramer of the oligomerization domain of the human p53 tumour-suppressor protein by tandem dimerization. For oligomeric proteins, an altogether distinct, and generically applicable, alternative to point mutations is to address the dissociated (and often unfolded) state. In other words, since...

...-dependent transcription of DNA synthesis genes. Additionally, gankyrin, by binding to Mdm2, increases the ubiquitylation and degradation of p53 and prevents apoptosis. Gankyrin controls the functions of two major tumour suppressors and, when overexpressed, causes hepatocellular carcinoma. cell-cycle...

... directions in this field. 1 email simon.boulton@cancer.org.uk 6 6 2006 © 2006 The Biochemical Society 2006 BRCA1 BRCA2 DNA repair DNA-damage sensing tumour suppressor Figure 1 BRCA1: domains, interacting proteins, activities and functions Schematic diagram...

...C. Robbe; C. Paraskeva; J. Mollenhauer; J.C. Michalski; C. Sergi; A. Corfield The gene DMBT1 (deleted in malignant brain tumour-1) has been proposed to play a role in brain and epithelial cancer, but shows unusual features for a classical tumour-suppressor gene. On the one hand, DMBT1 has been...

...V. Ganapathy; E. Gopal; S. Miyauchi; P.D. Prasad SLC5A8 is a candidate tumour suppressor gene that is silenced in colon cancer, gastric cancer and possibly other cancers in humans. This gene codes for a transporter belonging to the Na + /glucose co-transporter gene family ( SLC5 ). The cancer...

... a human orthologue of p122 was identified as a tumour suppressor gene by a reverse genetic approach using loss of heterozygosity in human liver cancer cells [ 6 ]. The gene was named DLC-1 ( d eleted in l iver c ancer-1). It has become clear that this gene inhibits the cell growth of various carcinoma...

...T. Maehama; F. Okahara; Y. Kanaho The tumour suppressor PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10) plays essential roles in regulating signalling pathways involved in cell growth and apoptosis, and is inactivated in a wide variety of tumours. The role of PTEN as a tumour...