... of the Biochemical Society 2018 co-translational folding silent SNP translation translation kinetics tRNA Major developments in high-throughput technologies for global analysis of translation, such as ribosome profiling [ 7 ], have greatly advanced our understanding of the impact...

..., except methionine and tryptophan, are encoded by two or more ‘synonymous’ codons. Adding to this complexity, most tRNA anticodon triplets can recognize more than one synonymous codon. This occurs through non-Watson-Crick ‘wobble’ base pairing at the third position of the codon (the first anticodon...

... for protein synthesis during cell growth and division. Here, we review the regulatory mechanisms that control the levels of RNAPIII transcripts and discuss their potential physiological relevance. Recent analyses have revealed differential regulation of tRNA expression at all steps on its biogenesis...

... (TERC) tRNA Eukaryotic genomes are pervasively transcribed producing a plethora of RNA species. These RNAs are essential for many of the important functions in the cell, from the making of proteins to the copying of DNA during cell replication. It is, therefore, not surprising that mutations...

... by controlling ribosome flux across the mRNA. Variations in the abundance of tRNA molecules cause different rates of translation of their counterpart codons. This, in turn, produces a variable landscape of translational rate across each and every mRNA, with the dynamic formation and deformation of ribosomal...

... palindromic repeats) RNA, C/D box sRNA (small non-coding RNA) and tRNA in Nanoarchaeum equitans . The minimal and fragmented genome of this tiny archaeon permits a sequencing depth that enables the identification of processing intermediates in the study of RNA processing pathways. These intermediates include...

... substrates, we showed that the 2'-OH group of the terminal adenosine is important for peptidyl transfer. These substrates were also used to investigate the metal ion dependency of the peptidyl transferase reaction. Key words: ribosomal complex, ribozyme, RNA metal-ion-binding site, tRNA. Abbreviations used...

... Molecular movement is inherent in the mech- anism of translation. Each tRNA must move by distances of 20-70A during each step of the translocational elongation cycle [l]. There is in- creasing evidence that movement of tRNA is coupled to corresponding movements within the ribosome structure itself...