...Elisa Corti; Carlos B. Duarte AMPA-type receptors for the neurotransmitter glutamate are very dynamic entities, and changes in their synaptic abundance underlie different forms of synaptic plasticity, including long-term synaptic potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD) and homeostatic...

... Sweet , E.S. , Saunier-Rebori , B. , Yue , Z. and Blitzer , R.D. ( 2015 ) The Parkinson's disease-associated mutation LRRK2-G2019S impairs synaptic plasticity in mouse hippocampus . J. Neurosci. 35 , 11190 – 11195 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0040-15.2015 51 Gaig , C. , Vilas...

...@uw.edu ) 2 6 2016 9 7 2016 14 7 2016 © 2016 The Author(s); published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2016 AKAP79 anchoring protein calcineurin phosphatase PP2B synaptic plasticity The present study focuses on how protein–protein...

..., Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. 2 email Christopher.proud@sahmri.com 22 12 2014 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2015 Biochemical Society 2015 eEF2 mRNA translation nutrient protein synthesis synaptic plasticity tumour Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase...

... oxidative stress synaptic plasticity The majority of AD (Alzheimer's disease) and PD (Parkinson's disease) cases are ‘sporadic’, which means that there is no clear genetic pathway that causes the onset of the disease. This makes it more difficult to identify which factors trigger...

... The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 microRNA (miRNA) microRNA biogenesis nervous system neuropathogenesis synaptic plasticity Non-coding RNAs are vital functional and regulatory elements of all biological systems. A class of small phylogenetically conserved 21–22...

... and RNAs contained in exosomes secreted by emitting neurons could directly modify signal transduction and protein expression in receiving cells. Exosomes may be an ideal mechanism for anterograde and retrograde information transfer across synapses underlying local changes in synaptic plasticity. Exosomes...

... is modified by the frequency with which the synapses are stimulated. This modulation of synaptic strength, or synaptic plasticity, probably forms the cellular basis for learning and memory. RNA metabolism, particularly translational control at or near the synapse, is one process that controls long-lasting...

..., molecular and behavioural analyses of experimental animal models of PD. In PD, a host of cellular and synaptic changes occur in the striatum in response to the massive loss of DA innervation. Chronic L -dopa therapy restores physiological synaptic plasticity and behaviour in treated PD animals, but most...

... in neuronal differentiation, neuronal migration, synaptogenesis, structural remodelling, long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity and higher cognitive functions. NMDAR-mediated Ca 2+ signalling in dendritic spines is not static, but can be remodelled in a cell- and synapse-specific manner by NMDAR subunit...

...Donna M. McDade; Ann-Marie Conway; Allan B. James; Brian J. Morris The regulation of synaptic glutamate receptor and GABA A R (γ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor) levels is a key component of synaptic plasticity. Most forms of neuronal plasticity are associated with the induction...

... The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) hippocampus lesion N -methyl- D -aspartate (NMDA) spatial learning synaptic plasticity Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous...

...), and evidence is accumulating that leptin modulates many neuronal functions. In particular, recent studies have indicated that leptin plays an important role in the regulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Indeed leptin-insensitive rodents display impairments in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and defects...

... the role of localized translational control in synaptic plasticity. It remains to be seen if the high-throughput methods can be applied quantitatively to study the dynamics of RNP (ribonucleoprotein) remodelling in specific neuronal populations during the neurodegenerative process. It is certain, however...

...Mascia Amici; Andrew Doherty; Jihoon Jo; David Jane; Kwangwook Cho; Graham Collingridge; Sheila Dargan Calcium entry plays a major role in the induction of several forms of synaptic plasticity in different areas of the central nervous system. The spatiotemporal aspects of these calcium signals can...

... 2006 active zone Bruchpilot calcium channel neuromuscular junction synaptic plasticity vesicle fusion Synapses are specialized intercellular contact sites, required for the rapid transmission of signals between neurons and their target cells. Chemical synaptic communication is mediated...

...J.R. Mellor Synaptic plasticity of ionotropic glutamate receptors has been extensively studied with a particular focus on the role played by NMDA ( N -methyl- D -aspartate) receptors in the induction of synaptic plasticity and the subsequent movement of AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4...

... B) to glutamate synapses makes this system attractive as a dynamic, activity-dependent regulator of excitatory transmission and synaptic plasticity in the adult brain. Development of stable LTP (long-term potentiation) in response to high-frequency stimulation requires new gene expression...

... function proteome synapse synaptic plasticity synaptosome 1 email sg3@sanger.ac.uk Functional studies of specific synaptic proteins can be performed at levels from gene to behaviour; however, almost all of these assays are low-throughput approaches. In addition to having multiple...

... © 2005 The Biochemical Society 2005 α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPA receptor) calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) long-term potentiation (LTP) phosphorylation protein kinase A (PKA) synaptic plasticity AMPA α-amino-3-hydroxy...

... and serine). Mouse KOs (knockouts) revealed that, in different types of synapses, RIM1α is essential for different forms of synaptic plasticity. In CA1-region Schaffer-collateral excitatory synapses and in GABAergic synapses (where GABA is γ-aminobutyric acid), RIM1α is required for maintaining normal...

... display abnormal brain development and leptin actively participates in the development of the hypothalamus. In the hippocampus, leptin is a potential cognitive enhancer as genetically obese rodents with dysfunctional leptin receptors display impairments in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Moreover, direct...