... for oxidoreductases, thereby transferring hydrogen atoms into the central process of ATP synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, that takes place in mitochondria ( Figure 1 ). Figure 1. Adenine nucleotides as paracrine mediators and intracellular second messengers of immunity and inflammation. See the text...

... of cytosolic enzyme to respond to the membrane-embedded lipid second messenger, diacylglycerol, in a dynamic range that prevents signalling in the absence of agonists but allows efficient activation in response to small changes in diacylglycerol levels. The present review discusses the regulatory inputs...

..., phase and period. It is proposed that daily auto-amplification of second messenger activity, through paracrine neuropeptidergic coupling, is necessary and sufficient to account for the increased amplitude, accuracy and robustness of SCN timekeeping. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed...

...R. Fliegert; A. Gasser; A.H. Guse cADPR [cyclic ADPR (ADP-ribose)], NAADP (nicotinic acid–adenine dinucleotide phosphate) and ADPR belong to the family of adenine-containing second messengers. They are metabolically related and are all involved in the regulation of cellular Ca 2+ homoeostasis...

...M. Zaccolo; G. Di Benedetto; V. Lissandron; L. Mancuso; A. Terrin; I. Zamparo It is becoming increasingly evident that the freely diffusible second messenger cAMP can transduce specific responses by localized signalling. The machinery that underpins compartmentalized cAMP signalling is only now...

... and marking membrane compartments. The metabolic map of this pathway and the nature of the binding partner interactions are reviewed. 1 email Peter.Parker@cancer.org.uk 26 8 2004 © 2004 The Biochemical Society 2004 phosphoinositide protein domain second messenger Many PIs...

... pathways, including second messenger cascades and ion channels, that modulate the excitability of the sensory neurons, i.e. converting the chemical stimulus into electrical impulses. The encoded information is conveyed via the axons onto distinct glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. Olfactory sensory cells...