... pluripotency regenerative medicine Rho gtpases self-renewal stem cell therapy Mammalian Rho family GTPases are members of the Ras superfamily including over 20 gene products which can be further subdivided into six groups based on sequence identity, domain structure and function: RhoA subfamily...

... in pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) as they need to maintain self-renewal capabilities while retaining the potential to generate different cell types with diverse 5mC patterns. In this review, we discuss the multiple roles of TET proteins in mouse ESCs, and other vertebrate model systems...

...Irene de Lázaro; Kostas Kostarelos The potential of cell-replacement strategies for the treatment of disorders in which a particular cell type is damaged or degenerated has prompted the search for the perfect cell source. iPSCs (induced pluripotent stem cells) stand out as very advantageous...

...Melanie J. Welham; Emmajayne Kingham; Yolanda Sanchez-Ripoll; Benjamin Kumpfmueller; Michael Storm; Heather Bone ESCs (embryonic stem cells) are derived from the inner cell mass of pre-implantation embryos and are pluripotent, meaning they can differentiate into all of the cells that make up...

...Jason Wray; Tuzer Kalkan; Austin G. Smith Pluripotency is defined as the capacity of individual cells to initiate all lineages of the mature organism in response to signals from the embryo or cell culture environment. A pluripotent cell has no predetermined programme; it is a blank slate...

... potential for pharmaceutical research and development and, potentially, for therapeutic use. However, improvements in cell culture are urgently required to allow the scalable production of large numbers of cells that maintain pluripotency. Supplementing feeder-free conditions with either EHNA [ erythro -9...

...M.J. Welham; M.P. Storm; E. Kingham; H.K. Bone ES (embryonic stem) cell lines are derived from the epiblast of pre-implantation embryos and like the inner cell mass cells from which they are derived exhibit the remarkable property of pluripotency, namely the ability to differentiate into all cell...

...A. Yates; I. Chambers Intrinsic regulators of the pluripotency of mouse ES (embryonic stem) cells include the homeodomain proteins Oct4 and the recently identified Nanog. When overexpressed, Nanog displays the unique attribute of robustly sustaining ES cell self-renewal in the absence...

...K. Takahashi; M. Murakami; S. Yamanaka Mouse ES (embryonic stem) cells maintain pluripotency with robust proliferation in vitro . ES cells share some similarities with cancer cells, such as anchorage-independent growth, loss of contact inhibition and tumour formation. After differentiation, ES...