... of photoinhibition. Plants have evolved many photoprotective mechanisms in order to face reactive oxygen species production and thus avoid photoinhibition. These mechanisms include quenching of singlet and triplet excited states of chlorophyll, synthesis of antioxidant molecules and enzymes and repair processes...

... violaxanthin, the light-induced trimer–monomer transition in LHCII and the blue-light-induced excitation quenching in LHCII. The physiological importance of the processes reviewed is also discussed with emphasis on the photoprotective excitation quenching and on possible involvement in the regulation...

... are involved in light harvesting, but also act in photoprotection by multiple mechanisms, including Chl (chlorophyll) singlet energy dissipation, Chl triplet quenching and scavenging of ROS (reactive oxygen species). The antenna system thus has a dual function: on one hand, it harvests photons and extends...