... to summarise our current understanding of its potential antiviral function in humans and identify knowledge gaps which need to be addressed in future studies. immune response ISG15 post translational modifications RNA viruses virus–host interactions Correspondence: Sumana Sanyal...

... in HIC patients. HLA-B57 can present a large range of highly conserved Gag-derived HIV peptides to CD8 + T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, both the focus of this review. So far there are limited differences in the immune response strength, magnitude, or receptor repertoire towards HIV epitopes...

... with Portland Press and the Biochemical Society under a transformative agreement with CAUL. cancer immune response major histocompatibility complex The advent of immunotherapeutics has revolutionised treatment in cancer. These agents harness our immune system to promote anti-tumour responses...

..., virulence and immune response mechanisms. Mammalian EVs play an increasingly recognised role to fight infection, yet may also be commandeered to disseminate pathogens and enhance infection. EVs released by bacterial pathogens may deliver toxins to host cells, signalling molecules and new DNA to other...

... local immune responses by stimulating innate immune cells following exposure to environmental insults, pathogens, or sterile injury. Recent publications have provided new insights into how the range and duration of IL-33 activity is regulated by direct sensing of host-derived and exogenous proteolytic...

... 2017 1 6 2017 © 2017 The Author(s); published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2017 biomarkers cytokines exercise oncology immune response physical training physiology Over the past 25 years, the field of clinical oncology has experienced...

...Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber; Katharina Paschinger; Iain B.H. Wilson Both helminth infections and contact with allergens result in development of a Th2 type of immune response in the affected individual. In this context, the hygiene hypothesis suggests that reduced prevalence of parasitic infections...

...-mediated de novo formation of different proteasome compositions as i20S (immunoproteasomes) or m20S (mixed-type proteasomes) essentially supports the rapid adjustment of the mammalian immune system to pathogens. This adjustment is of particular importance for the immune response to rapidly replicating...

... that regulate leucocyte trafficking. adhesion immune response inflammation junctional adhesion molecule (JAM) leucocyte transmigration Figure 1 Paracellular transendothelial migration Leucocyte transendothelial migration begins by tethering and rolling on the endothelial surface. Leucocytes...

... cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) immune response migration T-cell During an inflammatory response, leucocytes, including primed T-cells, need to cross the endothelial barrier in order to enter non-lymphoid tissue. This process is known as leucocyte extravasation...

... 2006 © 2006 The Biochemical Society 2006 CC chemokine D6 immune response inflammation leucocyte lymphatic endothelium CCL21 CC chemokine ligand 21 CCR CC chemokine receptor DC dendritic cell GAG glycosaminoglycan References 1 Rot A. von...

...P.J. Murray IL-1O (interleukin-10) negatively regulates inflammation through a mechanism that blocks the expression of pro-inflammatory genes encoding cytokines, chemokines, cell-surface molecules and other molecules required for the full activation of the innate and adaptive immune responses...

... in vivo , as mice lacking D6 show exaggerated cutaneous inflammatory responses and an increased susceptibility to the development of skin cancer. CCX-CKR, on the other hand, is predicted to modulate homoeostatic lymphocyte and dendritic cell trafficking, key migratory events in acquired immune responses...

...S. Akira; M. Yamamoto; K. Takeda Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in the detection of invading pathogens within the body and the subsequent immune response. Individual TLRs recognize distinct microbial components. The TLRs are a type 1 transmembrane receptor that possess...