...Hannah Bolland; Tiffany S. Ma; Syafiq Ramlee; Kristijan Ramadan; Ester M. Hammond Hypoxia is a feature of most solid tumours and predicts for poor prognosis. In radiobiological hypoxia (<0.1% O 2 ) cells become up to three times more resistant to radiation. The biological response...

... of the role of CHCHD4 and the DRS in physiology and disease, with a specific focus on the emerging importance of CHCHD4 in regulating the cellular response to low oxygen (hypoxia) and metabolism in cancer. Correspondence: Margaret Ashcroft ( m.ashcroft@medschl.cam.ac.uk ) 19 11 2020 19 12...

... of oncometabolites. We also describe emerging evidence that these enzymes are responsive to cellular stresses including hypoxia and DNA damage. Moreover, we examine how dysregulation of 2OG-dependent oxygenases is associated with human disease, and the apparent paradoxical role for some of these enzymes during...

...Michael Batie; Sonia Rocha Oxygen sensing is an essential feature of metazoan biology and reductions in oxygen availability (hypoxia) have both physiological and pathophysiological implications. Co-ordinated mechanisms have evolved for sensing and responding to hypoxia, which involve diverse...

...Andrew J. Murray; Hugh E. Montgomery; Martin Feelisch; Michael P.W. Grocott; Daniel S. Martin Ascent to high altitude is associated with physiological responses that counter the stress of hypobaric hypoxia by increasing oxygen delivery and by altering tissue oxygen utilisation via metabolic...

... Society 2016 cancer metabolism fumarate hydratase hypoxia isocitrate dehydrogenase reactive oxygen species (ROS) succinate dehydrogenase Of the three enzymes described above, the most commonly mutated in cancer is thought to be IDH1 and IDH2. Mutations in these enzymes were first shown...

... hypoxia proteostasis unfolded protein response (UPR) Protein homoeostasis, or proteostasis, is conducted through sophisticated networks of mechanisms to maintain the quality of proteins. The quality control of proteins is carefully regulated by the balance of protein synthesis, folding...

...) mitochondrial complex I hypoxia ischaemia thiol modification thiol nitrosation Production of energy in most aerobic cells is provided by the combined action of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and ATP synthase. Reducing equivalents from pyridine nucleotides (NADH) generated in several catabolic...

...Colin R. Lenihan; Cormac T. Taylor Hypoxia is a frequently encountered feature of the cellular microenvironment in a number of pathophysiological processes in which programmed cell death (apoptosis) affects disease progression including, but not limited to, cancer, chronic inflammation, myocardial...

... ). 21 9 2012 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 angiogenesis cancer coagulation exosome hypoxia microvesicle The preceding view of intercellular communication in mammalian organisms has been limited to direct cell–cell contact, the secretion...

... capillarity by more than 50%, (ii) decreases exercise endurance time by approximately 80%, and (iii) abolishes the angiogenic response to exercise training. What causes VEGF to increase with exercise is not clear. Despite regulation by HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor), increased HIF on exercise, and P O 2...

... and skeletal myocyte regeneration. Further characterization of Notch interaction with other signalling pathways might help identify novel targets for therapeutic angiogenesis. © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 hypoxia ischaemic disease Notch intracellular domain Notch...

... of the most well-described inactivators of translation is hypoxia. Hypoxia induces the transcription of REDD1 (regulated in development and DNA damage responses 1), REDD1 activates TSC2 by disrupting the interaction between TSC2 and 14-3-3 protein, thereby releasing TSC2 [ 32 ]. Significantly, modulation...

... deprivation (hypoxia). Here, we will briefly review the evolving evidence for this pathway in the regulation of a number of metabolic regulators and discuss a possible role for SUMOylation in the regulation of basic metabolic function. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email cormac.taylor...

... correlated with tumour spread [ 5 ], and both MMP-2 and MT1-MMP have been localized to the migrating edge of invasive cells. Furthermore, transfection with MMP-2 and MT1-MMP promotes their invasive potential. cardiac fibroblast collagen hypoxia invasion matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) myocardial...

... factors including, particularly oxygen, superoxide, H 2 O 2 , antioxidants, thiols and glycolysis. apoptosis hypoxia necrosis nitric oxide (NO) reactive oxygen species (ROS) superoxide production NO is an important regulator of cell viability and death depending on its concentration...

...-reactive protein HIF-1 hypoxia-inducible factor-1 IL interleukin MCP-1 monocyte chemotactic protein-1 MIF macrophage migration inhibitory factor PAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 SAA serum amyloid A TNFα tumour necrosis factor α VEGF vascular...

...L. Callinan; T.V. McCarthy; Y. Maulet; J.J. Mackrill One type of cellular response to hypoxia is an increase in cytosolic Ca 2+ . VDCCs (voltage-dependent calcium channels) open upon membrane depolarization allowing inward current of Ca 2+ ions. Two of the so-called L-type VDCC α1 subunits, Ca v...

... inducible NOS (nitric oxide synthase) highly sensitizes neurons to hypoxia-induced death, probably via the NO–oxygen competition at cytochrome oxidase. Thus the NO from neuronal NOS during excitotoxicity or the NO from inducible NOS during inflammation may sensitize the brain to hypoxic/ischaemic damage...

...D.E. Lancaster; M.A. McDonough; C.J. Schofield FIH (Factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor), an asparaginyl β-hydroxylase belonging to the super-family of 2-oxoglutarate and Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenases, catalyses hydroxylation of Asn-803 of hypoxia-inducible factor, a transcription factor...

...K.S. Hewitson; L.A. McNeill; J.M. Elkins; C.J. Schofield Sensing of ambient dioxygen levels and appropriate feedback mechanisms are essential processes for all multicellular organisms. In animals, moderate hypoxia causes an increase in the transcription levels of specific genes, including those...

... fetal growth retardation placenta pre-eclampsia perfusion hypoxia CNS, central nervous system hCG, human chorionic gonadotropin hPL, human placental lactogen IUGR, intra-uterine growth retardation Biochemical Society Transactions (200 I) Volume 29, part 2 Physiological and pathological...

... factor and the angio-poietins, is the transcriptional control of these genes by oxygen tension within the placenta. Examination of transcriptional regulation in normal and compromised pregnancies will provide additional insight in this area. angiogenesis hypoxia intrauterine growth restriction...