...Sharon Tran; Juliani Juliani; W. Douglas Fairlie; Erinna F. Lee Landmark genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified that mutations in autophagy genes correlated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a heterogenous disease characterised by prolonged inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract...

... have been characterised in detail by a range of mass spectrometry techniques, including direct infusion and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, there are relatively few reports of comprehensive analyses of oxidised phospholipids in disease states. Oxidised phospholipid species are widely thought...

... intermediates. Correspondingly, members of the 2OG-dependent oxygenase superfamily have been linked to fundamental biological processes, and found dysregulated in numerous human diseases. Such findings have stimulated efforts to understand both the biochemical activities and cellular functions of these enzymes...

...Philip C. Calder Inappropriate, excessive or uncontrolled inflammation contributes to a range of human diseases. Inflammation involves a multitude of cell types, chemical mediators and interactions. The present article will describe nutritional and metabolic aspects of omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n...

.... Thus, it is not surprising that lncRNAs have emerged as important players in human pathophysiology. As our body's first line of defense upon infection or injury, inflammation has been implicated in the etiology of several human diseases. At the center of the acute inflammatory response, as well...

... but extremely unlucky Because then you know just how badly off you are! My first academic appointment was in Cardiff. To the north of the city lie the ‘Valleys’ where heavy industry (coal mining, quarrying and steel making) used to exist. So, lung diseases such as silicosis were prevalent...

...Jessica Johnston; Shaghayegh Basatvat; Zabran Ilyas; Sheila Francis; Endre Kiss-Toth Inflammation is part of the physiological innate immune response to invading pathogens and tissue injury. However, unresolved inflammation leads to human disease. The tribbles (TRIB) family of pseudokinase proteins...

... pathologies. Advances in our understanding of these diseases have come about through combinations of genetic and protein biochemical investigations of these transporters and the power of in vitro and in vivo investigations is helping to develop genotype–phenotype understanding. However, the importance of ABC...

... of the different factors are finely matched to each other. This optimal factor network is essential for producing proteomes that result in optimal fitness, and perturbations to the optimal network that significantly affect translational activity therefore result in non-optimal proteomes, fitness losses and disease...

.... The advance of high-throughput sequencing enabled rapid progress in mapping the functional elements in our genome. In the present article, I discuss how intronic mutations acting at Alu elements enable formation of new exons. I review the mutations that cause disease when promoting a major increase...

... proteins which mediate Rab function. We speculate on outstanding issues in the field, such as the mechanisms of Rab membrane association and the co-ordinated interplay between distinct Rab proteins. Finally, we summarize the data implicating Rab proteins in an ever increasing number of diseases...

... encoding lamins and associated proteins have been shown to cause a diverse range of human diseases often called laminopathies or nuclear envelopathies. Most of these diseases have tissue-selective phenotypes, suggesting that the nuclear envelope must function in cell-type- and developmental-stage-specific...

... is important in certain neurological processes. It is now clear that defects in eIFs or in their control can give rise to a number of diseases. This paper provides an overview of translation initiation and its control mechanisms, particularly those examined in neuronal cells. A major focus concerns...