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Keywords: chromatin
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Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2023) 51 (5): 1749–1763.
Published: 18 September 2023
...Kimberly N. Espinoza Pereira; Jixiu Shan; Jonathan D. Licht; Richard L. Bennett Genes encoding histone proteins are recurrently mutated in tumor samples, and these mutations may impact nucleosome stability, histone post-translational modification, or chromatin dynamics. The prevalence of histone...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2023) 51 (2): 703–713.
Published: 16 March 2023
...Robert S. Porter; Shigeki Iwase The disruption of chromatin-regulating genes is associated with many neurocognitive syndromes. While most of these genes are ubiquitously expressed across various cell-types, many chromatin regulators act upon activity regulated genes (ARGs) that play central roles...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2022) 50 (2): 723–736.
Published: 14 March 2022
...Marco Morselli; Giorgio Dieci Recent investigations on the non-protein-coding transcriptome of human cells have revealed previously hidden layers of gene regulation relying on regulatory non-protein-coding (nc) RNAs, including the widespread ncRNA-dependent regulation of epigenetic chromatin states...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2022) 50 (1): 83–93.
Published: 22 February 2022
...Li Jing; Hang Fai Kwok RCC1 (regulator of chromosome condensation 1) is a highly conserved chromatin-binding protein and the only known guanine-nucleotide exchange factor of Ran (a nuclear Ras homolog). RCC1 plays an essential role in the regulation of cell cycle-related activities such as nuclear...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2022) 50 (1): 309–320.
Published: 07 February 2022
... and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) . chromatin CMG cryo-EM Ctf18 Pol epsilon replisome In all replicating systems a hexameric, ring-shaped helicase is loaded around DNA and uses the energy derived from nucleotide hydrolysis to unwind the double helix...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2021) 49 (6): 2549–2560.
Published: 09 December 2021
... of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) . chromatin epigenetics lncRNA tandem repeat X-chromosome inactivation X - i nactive- s pecific t ranscript ( Xist ) is a l ong n on- c oding RNA (lncRNA) responsible for X - C hromosome...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2021) 49 (6): 2727–2736.
Published: 25 November 2021
... integrity. Increasing evidence indicates that chromatin homeostasis plays a key role in the cellular response to TRCs as well as in the preservation of genome integrity. Indeed, chromatin regulating enzymes are frequently mutated in cancer cells, a common characteristic of which is genome instability...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2021) 49 (6): 2639–2653.
Published: 08 November 2021
...Akhil Gargey Iragavarapu; Liqi Yao; Vignesh Kasinath Polycomb repressive complexes are a family of chromatin modifier enzymes which are critical for regulating gene expression and maintaining cell-type identity. The reversible chemical modifications of histone H3 and H2A by the Polycomb proteins...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2021) 49 (5): 2431–2441.
Published: 28 October 2021
... interactors. Recent advances in mapping direct interactors of histone PTMs as well as local chromatin interactomes will be highlighted, with a focus on mass-spectrometry based workflows that continue to illuminate histone-mediated PPIs in unprecedented detail. chemical biology chromatin epigenetics mass...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2021) 49 (4): 1867–1879.
Published: 02 August 2021
...David Llères; Yui Imaizumi; Robert Feil Different classes of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) influence the organization of chromatin. Imprinted gene domains constitute a paradigm for exploring functional long ncRNAs (lncRNAs). Almost all express an lncRNA in a parent-of-origin dependent manner. The mono...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2021) 49 (3): 1109–1119.
Published: 22 June 2021
... that include DNA hypomethylation, elevated CpG and GC content and the presence of transcription factor binding sites. These sequence characteristics are congruous with the recruitment of transcription factors and chromatin modifying enzymes, and transcriptional activation in general. CGIs colocalize with sites...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2021) 49 (1): 93–105.
Published: 25 January 2021
...Nicolas L. Young; Ruhee Dere Alterations in global epigenetic signatures on chromatin are well established to contribute to tumor initiation and progression. Chromatin methylation status modulates several key cellular processes that maintain the integrity of the genome. KDM4A, a demethylase...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (6): 2891–2902.
Published: 18 December 2020
... This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) . cell fate chromatin Dppa2/4 epigenetic priming epigenetics plasticity Mammalian development starts with a single...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (6): 2753–2767.
Published: 10 December 2020
... License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) . Open access for this article was enabled by the participation of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre in an all-inclusive Read & Publish pilot with Portland Press and the Biochemical Society under a transformative agreement with EBSCO. chromatin...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (6): 2467–2481.
Published: 27 November 2020
...Stephen K. Wu; Justin T. Roberts; Maggie M. Balas; Aaron M. Johnson Beyond being the product of gene expression, RNA can also influence the regulation of chromatin. The majority of the human genome has the capacity to be transcribed and the majority of the non-protein-coding transcripts made by RNA...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (5): 1967–1978.
Published: 08 September 2020
...Jitendra Thakur; Steven Henikoff RNA plays a well-established architectural role in the formation of membraneless interchromatin nuclear bodies. However, a less well-known role of RNA is in organizing chromatin, whereby specific RNAs have been found to recruit chromatin modifier proteins. Whether...
Articles
In Collection
Protein structure and function
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (4): 1751–1763.
Published: 11 August 2020
... organisation and affect chromatin conformation. However, there are important differences between the domain architectures of SMC proteins and SMCHD1, which distinguish SMCHD1 as a non-canonical member of the family. In the last year, the crystal structures of the two key domains crucial to SMCHD1 function...
Articles
In Collection
Embryonic development
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (3): 1019–1034.
Published: 15 June 2020
... in C. elegans . We describe the role of repressive histone marks, histone methyltransferases, and associated chromatin factors in heritable gene silencing, and discuss recent developments and unanswered questions in how these factors integrate with other known TEI mechanisms. We also review...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (3): 1109–1119.
Published: 26 May 2020
... morphological and functional alterations that begin early after antigenic stimulation. These include chromatin restructuring that is critical in regulating gene expression, DNA rearrangement and other cellular processes. Here we outline the recent understanding of the three-dimensional architecture...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (3): 1121–1128.
Published: 05 May 2020
...-dependent effects on chromatin structure. Correspondence: Michael Batie ( m.batie@liverpool.ac.uk ) and Sonia Rocha ( s.rocha@liverpool.ac.uk ) 17 3 2020 2 4 2020 6 4 2020 © 2020 The Author(s) 2020 This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (2): 667–675.
Published: 20 April 2020
... at serine 10 [ 29 , 30 ]. The observed histone phosphorylation at the MIEP was hypothesized to represent a crucial intermediary event that underpinned the remodeling of the chromatin at the MIEP observed in cells supporting HCMV reactivation since histone serine 10 phosphorylation de-stabilizes...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2019) 47 (6): 1597–1608.
Published: 26 November 2019
... and NuA4/TIP60 complex assembly and recruitment to chromatin. We further discuss its evolutionary history within the PIKK family and highlight recent findings that reveal the importance of molecular chaperones in pseudokinase folding, function, and conservation. Correspondence: Dominique Helmlinger...
Articles
In Collection
Embryonic development
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2019) 47 (2): 713–724.
Published: 05 April 2019
... depend on other factors such as DNA methylation, the presence of particular histone variants and post-translational modifications of histones. Collectively, factors that modify DNA or affect its packaging and accessibility contribute to a chromatin landscape that helps to control the timely expression...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2019) 47 (2): 691–700.
Published: 22 March 2019
...Caroline Delandre; Owen J. Marshall The organisation of DNA into differing forms of packaging, or chromatin, controls many of the cell fate decisions during development. Although early studies focused on individual forms of chromatin, in the last decade more holistic studies have attempted...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2019) 47 (1): 425–432.
Published: 07 February 2019
... of the haploid genome. Faithful chromosome segregation is thus crucial, as is an ordered spatio-temporal ‘dance’ of packing a large amount of chromatin into a very small space. Ergo, when the process goes wrong, this is associated with an improper chromosome number, nuclear position and/or chromatin damage...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2018) 46 (6): 1423–1430.
Published: 22 November 2018
...Somnath Paul; Blaine Bartholomew All ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers have a DNA translocase domain that moves along double-stranded DNA when hydrolyzing ATP, which is the key action leading to DNA moving through nucleosomes. Recent structural and biochemical data from a variety of different...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2018) 46 (3): 491–501.
Published: 06 April 2018
... The Author(s). 2018 This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) . chromatin chromatin conformation capture epigenomics structural analysis...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2018) 46 (1): 173–182.
Published: 06 February 2018
... for its de-phosphorylation. It has recently been shown that, at least for the S22 site, the interaction with a sumoylated chromatin-associated protein in anaphase is essential to remove the mitotic modification [ 18 ]. However, the nature of this phosphatase complex is still unknown. © 2018 The Author...
Articles
Jeffrey C. Hansen, Mark Connolly, Charles J. McDonald, Anyu Pan, Anna Pryamkova, Kyle Ray, Erik Seidel, Sachiko Tamura, Ryan Rogge, Kazuhiro Maeshima
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2018) 46 (1): 67–76.
Published: 20 December 2017
... of the 10-nm chromatin fiber, but not the regular 30-nm fiber. We hypothesize that the hierarchical globular organization of an interphase chromosome is fundamentally established by the self-interacting properties of a 10-nm zig-zag array of nucleosomes, while histone post-translational modifications...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2017) 45 (2): 323–338.
Published: 13 April 2017
...Maïté Leturcq; Tony Lefebvre; Anne-Sophie Vercoutter-Edouart Post-translational modifications of histones and the dynamic DNA methylation cycle are finely regulated by a myriad of chromatin-binding factors and chromatin-modifying enzymes. Epigenetic modifications ensure local changes...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (6): 1634–1639.
Published: 20 November 2013
...Alejandro Rodriguez; Pernilla Bjerling During the last few years, there has been a rapid increase in our knowledge of how chromatin is organized inside the nucleus. Techniques such as FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) have proved that chromosomes organize themselves in so-called CTs...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (6): 1640–1647.
Published: 20 November 2013
...Punit Prasad; Karl Ekwall Eukaryotic chromatin is remodelled by the evolutionarily conserved Snf2 family of enzymes in an ATP-dependent manner. Several Snf2 enzymes are part of CRCs (chromatin remodelling complexes). In the present review we focus our attention on the functions of Snf2 enzymes...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (3): 797–801.
Published: 23 May 2013
... in the mechanisms which define and maintain β-cell identity. The advent of genome-wide analyses of chromatin modifications has highlighted the role of epigenetic factors in determining cell identity. There is also evidence from both human populations and animal models for an epigenetic component in susceptibility...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (3): 761–768.
Published: 23 May 2013
...Geoff Gudavicius; Heddy Soufari; Santosh Upadhyay; Cameron D. Mackereth; Christopher J. Nelson Peptidylprolyl isomerases have been implicated in chromatin regulation through their association with histones, chromatin-modifying enzymes and DNA-binding transcription factors. As with other post...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (3): 777–782.
Published: 23 May 2013
.../licenses/by/3.0/ ) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. cell cycle chromatin chromodomain helicase DNA-binding 4 (CHD4) DNA damage DNA repair nucleosome remodelling and deacetylation (NuRD...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (3): 727–740.
Published: 23 May 2013
...Hannah K. Long; Neil P. Blackledge; Robert J. Klose Vertebrate DNA can be chemically modified by methylation of the 5 position of the cytosine base in the context of CpG dinucleotides. This modification creates a binding site for MBD (methyl-CpG-binding domain) proteins which target chromatin...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (3): 789–796.
Published: 23 May 2013
... for cardiac development, disease and cardiomyocyte proliferation. The present review explores how repressive histone modifications, in particular methylation of H3K9 (histone H3 Lys 9 ), govern aspects of cardiac biology. This wide array of epigenetic chromatin modifications provides an appealing...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (2): 491–493.
Published: 21 March 2013
... ( andrzej.stasiak@unil.ch ). 24 1 2013 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 catenane chromatin chromosome DNA knot protein folding recombinase supercoiling topoisomerase The structure and function of DNA and proteins are affected by the topology...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (2): 548–553.
Published: 21 March 2013
...Andrew A. Travers; Georgi Muskhelishvili How much information is encoded in the DNA sequence of an organism? We argue that the informational, mechanical and topological properties of DNA are interdependent and act together to specify the primary characteristics of genetic organization and chromatin...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (1): 321–325.
Published: 29 January 2013
...Rosalie P.C. Driessen; Remus Th. Dame Crenarchaeal genomes are organized into a compact nucleoid by a set of small chromatin proteins. Although there is little knowledge of chromatin structure in Archaea, similarities between crenarchaeal and bacterial chromatin proteins suggest that organization...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (2): 347–350.
Published: 21 March 2012
...Timothy J. Richmond Nucleosomes are actively positioned along DNA by ATP-dependent, chromatin remodelling factors. A structural model for the ISW1a chromatin remodelling factor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in complex with a dinucleosome substrate was constructed from the X-ray structures of ISW1a...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (2): 351–356.
Published: 21 March 2012
...Song Tan The nucleosome repeating unit of chromatin is the target of chromatin enzymes and factors that regulate gene activity in a eukaryotic cell. How the nucleosome is recognized by chromatin enzymes and factors is poorly understood, even though such interaction is fundamental to gene regulation...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (2): 370–376.
Published: 21 March 2012
...Kyle M. Miller; Stephen P. Jackson Inherited or acquired defects in detecting, signalling or repairing DNA damage are associated with various human pathologies, including immunodeficiencies, neurodegenerative diseases and various forms of cancer. Nuclear DNA is packaged into chromatin and therefore...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (2): 335–340.
Published: 21 March 2012
...Andrew A. Travers; Cédric Vaillant; Alain Arneodo; Georgi Muskhelishvili A major question in chromatin biology is to what extent the sequence of DNA directly determines the genetic and chromatin organization of a eukaryotic genome? We consider two aspects to this question: the DNA sequence...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (2): 377–382.
Published: 21 March 2012
... for active packing of nucleosomes against the 5′ ends of genes rather than statistical positioning. A first extract fractionation identified a direct, specific, necessary, but not sufficient role for the RSC (remodels the structure of chromatin) remodelling enzyme. Collectively, nucleosome positioning...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (6): 1705–1709.
Published: 21 November 2011
..., providing a potential mechanism for how these mutations lead to tissue-specific diseases. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email gru@vms.huji.ac.il ). 10 5 2011 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2011 Biochemical Society 2011 Caenorhabditis elegans chromatin DNA...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (6): 1725–1728.
Published: 21 November 2011
... and cytoskeletal activities. α-catenin chromatin laminopathy linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complex (LINC complex) nesprin Wnt signalling wound healing The nature of the NE (nuclear envelope) is of fundamental interest in cell biology as it forms an interface between the nuclear...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (1): 116–121.
Published: 19 January 2011
... by which they modulate the genome do seem to be functionally conserved across kingdoms. On a generic level, architectural proteins can be classified based on their structural effect as DNA benders, DNA bridgers or DNA wrappers. Although chromatin organization in archaea has not been studied extensively...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2010) 38 (4): 1077–1081.
Published: 26 July 2010
... -acting regulators of alternative cleavage and polyadenylation. FCA and FPA directly associate with chromatin at the locus encoding the floral repressor FLC, but appear to control FLC transcription by mediating alternative polyadenylation of embedded non-coding antisense RNAs. These findings prompt the re...
Articles
Journal:
Biochemical Society Transactions
Biochem Soc Trans (2010) 38 (2): 598–603.
Published: 22 March 2010
... of paternal effects. However, as more is known about molecular expression of chromatin-modifying proteins, ubiquitin pathway proteins and transcription factors in sperm cells, as well as their ability to achieve effect by intaglio expression, passing transcripts directly into translation, the role of the male...
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