... of rapamycin (mTOR) to be a key modulator of aging and the use of mTOR inhibitors has been shown to ameliorate much age-related pathology; however, recent data suggest that senescent CD8 + T-cells function independently of mTOR. This review article will challenge the perceived dogma that mTOR universally...

...Adam Curnock; Clare Bolton; Peter Chiu; Elisabeth Doyle; Damien Fraysse; Matthias Hesse; Julie Jones; Peter Weber; Juan-Miguel Jimenez Protein kinase Cθ (PKCθ) is a member of a large family of serine/threonine kinases that are involved in diverse cellular functions. PKCθ has roles in T-cell...

... responses of T-cells have long been a challenging prospect, because these cells are known to express nine of these isoforms. A variety of approaches including the use of knockout mice, overexpression of kinase-inactive mutants, cell-permeable peptides, pharmacological inhibitors and siRNAs have shown...

.... 1 email husem@mskcc.org 17 7 2014 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society 2014 actin cell polarity microtubule protein kinase C (PKC) signal transduction T-cell T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement of cognate peptide–major histocompatibility...

... tumour progression. We isolated TEXs from tumour cell supernatants and sera of patients with solid tumours or AML (acute myelogenous leukaemia). The molecular profile of TEXs was distinct from that of circulating exosomes derived from normal cells. TEXs were co-incubated with activated T-cells...

...Wendy C. Rowan; Janet L. Smith; Karen Affleck; Augustin Amour Chronic inflammation in the lung has long been linked to the pathogenesis of asthma. Central to this airway inflammation is a T-cell response to allergens, with Th2 cytokines driving the differentiation, survival and function...

... stage disease. However, lymphocytic infiltrates in the cancerous prostates have an anergic character arising from the suppressive effects of the microenvironment resulting from a conversion of effector cells into regulatory T-cells. Although TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) and IL-10 (interleukin-10...

... was identified by functional expression cloning and is necessary and sufficient for normal growth arrest in both leukaemic and untransformed human T-lymphocytes. GAS5 is also required for the inhibitory effects of rapamycin and its analogues on T-cells. The striking functional effects of GAS5 may be mediated...

... by the T-cell-specific deletion of Dicer, an enzyme required for miRNA-mediated processing and from the phenotype of bic (B-cell integration cluster)/ miR - 155 (miRNA 155)-deficient mice. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email martin.turner@bbsrc.ac.uk ). 19 8 2008 ©...

...Martin Turner; Elena Vigorito miRs (microRNAs) post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression mainly by repressing translation or by inducing mRNA degradation. Dicer, an enzyme responsible for miR biogenesis, is required for T-cell function, suggesting regulatory roles for miRs in lymphocytes...

...F. Susan Wong; L. Khai Siew; Li Wen The autoimmune attack on pancreatic β-cells is orchestrated by a variety of cells that produce cytokines and other toxic mediators. CD8 + T-cells work together with other lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells to mediate this damage and have been shown...

...R. David; F.M. Marelli-Berg Migration of primed T-cells to the antigenic site is an essential event in the development of effective immunity. This process is tightly regulated in order to ensure efficient and specific responses. Most studies have focused on non-specific mediators of T-cell...

...L. Mosyak; Z. Xu; D. Joseph-McCarthy; N. Brooijmans; W. Somers; D. Chaudhary PKCθ (protein kinase Cθ) is a central signalling molecule in the T-cell receptor activation pathway and is a target for treatment of a number of diseases. Several PKC inhibitors are in the drug-discovery pharmaceutical...

...-lymphocytes, cells that regulate nearly every aspect of immunity. However, the precise role of PI3K in T-cell development and function has been difficult to determine. In this review, I summarize current knowledge of PI3K function in T-cells, focusing on the class I subgroup of PI3K catalytic and regulatory...

.... In the thymus, p110δ and p110γ play complementary roles in regulating the transition through key developmental checkpoints. In addition, p110δ regulates the differentiation of peripheral Th (helper T-cells) towards the Th1 and Th2 lineages. Moreover, p110δ is critical for Treg (regulatory T-cell) function. Here...

... through the TCR (T-cell receptor). PKA type I is targeted to the TCR–CD3 complex during T-cell activation via an AKAP (A-kinase-anchoring protein) that serves as a scaffold for the cAMP–PKA/Csk pathway in lipid rafts of the plasma membrane during T-cell activation. Displacement of PKA by anchoring...