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Keywords: GTPase
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Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2022) 50 (2): 921–933.
Published: 31 March 2022
...Gabriela Bernal Astrain; Maya Nikolova; Matthew J. Smith RAS small GTPases regulate important signalling pathways and are notorious drivers of cancer development and progression. While most research to date has focused on understanding and addressing the oncogenic potential of three RAS oncogenes...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2021) 49 (3): 1287–1297.
Published: 18 May 2021
...Heike L. Rafeld; Waldemar Kolanus; Ian R. van Driel; Elizabeth L. Hartland Interferon (IFN)-induced guanosine triphosphate hydrolysing enzymes (GTPases) have been identified as cornerstones of IFN-mediated cell-autonomous defence. Upon IFN stimulation, these GTPases are highly expressed in various...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (5): 2185–2194.
Published: 20 October 2020
... of these ATP-competitive LRRK2 kinase inhibitors has been challenged by several studies. Therefore, alternative ways of targeting LRRK2 activity will have a great benefit. In this review, we discuss the recent progress in the development of allosteric inhibitors of LRRK2, mainly via interfering with GTPase...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2018) 46 (3): 741–760.
Published: 05 June 2018
...Xosé R. Bustelo RHO GTPases have been traditionally associated with protumorigenic functions. While this paradigm is still valid in many cases, recent data have unexpectedly revealed that RHO proteins can also play tumor suppressor roles. RHO signaling elements can also promote both pro...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2014) 42 (4): 742–746.
Published: 11 August 2014
...; this includes the effector binding domain and the majority of residues responsible for co-ordinating GDP/GTP binding, GTPase activity and regulators of RAS activity. The major area of protein sequence divergence between the isoforms is found in the final 26 amino acids. This region is post-translationally...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2014) 42 (1): 52–58.
Published: 23 January 2014
...Helen R. Mott; Darerca Owen RLIP76 (Ral-interacting protein of 76 kDa) [also known as RalBP1 (Ral-binding protein 1)] is an effector for the Ral family small GTPases. RLIP76 has been implicated in a number of cell processes, including receptor-mediated endocytosis, cell migration, mitochondrial...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (6): 1360–1367.
Published: 21 November 2012
.... On the basis of distinct subfamily-specific sequence motifs, many Rabs have been grouped into subfamilies. The Rab11 GTPase subfamily comprises three members: Rab11a, Rab11b and Rab25/Rab11c, which, between them, have been demonstrated to bind more than 30 proteins. In the present paper, we review the function...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (6): 1337–1347.
Published: 21 November 2012
... of intracellular trafficking processes including vesicle budding and uncoating, motility, tethering and fusion. In the present paper, we discuss the discovery, evolution and characterization of the Rab GTPase family. We examine their basic functional roles, their important structural features and the regulatory...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (6): 1426–1432.
Published: 21 November 2012
...Carolina Ortiz Sandoval; Thomas Simmen Whereas most of what we know today about the Ras-related small GTPases of the Rab family stems from observations made on Golgi complex, endosome and plasma membrane trafficking, a subset of Rabs localizes in part or predominantly to the ER (endoplasmic...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (6): 1378–1382.
Published: 21 November 2012
...Alan Hall Rho GTPases comprise a family of molecular switches that control signal transduction pathways in eukaryotic cells. A conformational change induced upon binding GTP promotes an interaction with target (effector) proteins to generate a cellular response. A highly conserved function of Rho...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (5): 1086–1089.
Published: 19 September 2012
...Ryan D. Mills; Terrence D. Mulhern; Heung-Chin Cheng; Janetta G. Culvenor Various investigators have identified the major domain organization of LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2), which includes a GTPase ROC (Ras of complex proteins) domain followed by a COR (C-terminal of ROC) domain...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (5): 1063–1069.
Published: 19 September 2012
...Jean-Marc Taymans LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2) is a large protein encoding multiple functional domains, including two catalytically active domains, a kinase and a GTPase domain. The LRRK2 GTPase belongs to the Ras-GTPase superfamily of GTPases, more specifically to the ROC (Ras of complex...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (5): 1074–1079.
Published: 19 September 2012
...Yulan Xiong; Valina L. Dawson; Ted M. Dawson Mutations in the LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2) gene are the most frequent genetic cause of PD (Parkinson's disease), and these mutations play important roles in sporadic PD. The LRRK2 protein contains GTPase and kinase domains and several protein...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (5): 1058–1062.
Published: 19 September 2012
... molecule containing domains implicated in protein interactions, as well as kinase and GTPase activities. The observation that the common G2019S mutation increases kinase activity in vitro suggests that altered phosphorylation of LRRK2 targets may have pathological outcomes. Given that protein kinases...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (1): 45–50.
Published: 19 January 2011
...Fabian Blombach; Stan J.J. Brouns; John van der Oost The assembly of ribosomal subunits from their individual components (rRNA and ribosomal proteins) requires the assistance of a multitude of factors in order to control and increase the efficiency of the assembly process. GTPases of the TRAFAC...
Articles
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (5): 1022–1026.
Published: 21 September 2009
...Marcel Mettlen; Thomas Pucadyil; Rajesh Ramachandran; Sandra L. Schmid The GTPase dynamin is essential for CME (clathrin-mediated endocytosis), but its exact function and mechanism of action have been controversial. Here, we review findings that have led to the current models for dynamin function...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (5): 1037–1041.
Published: 21 September 2009
...Humberto Fernandes; Edward Franklin; Rosario Recacha; Anne Houdusse; Bruno Goud; Amir R. Khan The small GTPase Rab6 regulates vesicle trafficking at the level of Golgi. Recently, the crystal structures of Rab6 in complexes with two unrelated effectors have been determined. The structure of Rab6a...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2008) 36 (3): 551–553.
Published: 21 May 2008
... of spliceosome proteins are required for assembly and remodelling of the spliceosome with pre-mRNA to orient the splice sites correctly and catalyse the two steps of splicing. The spliceosome protein Snu114p is a GTPase that is related to the translation elongation factor EF-2. Snu114p plays a key role...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2007) 35 (2): 207–210.
Published: 20 March 2007
... and downstream signalling cascades that control the establishment of axonal specification and elongation. © 2007 The Biochemical Society 2007 axonal morphogenesis GTPase neuronal morphology neurotrophin phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling 1 To whom correspondence should...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2007) 35 (2): 193–198.
Published: 20 March 2007
... for T-cells and chemokine receptors couple with a wide range of biochemical signals including phosphoinositide lipid metabolism, elevation of intracellular calcium levels, activation of a wide array of protein kinases as well as small GTPases. One of the most robust biochemical signals elicited...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2006) 34 (5): 701–704.
Published: 25 October 2006
...-GTP complex recycles to the cytoplasm, whereas importin-α is recycled by the importin-β family member CAS (cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein) complexed with Ran-GTP. Cytoplasmic RanGAP (Ran GTPase-activating protein) dissociates these complexes, freeing the importins for another import cycle...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2006) 34 (2): 209–212.
Published: 20 March 2006
...G.I. Welsh; I. Hers; M. Wherlock; J.M. Tavaré Several members of the extensive family of small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by insulin, and have been implicated in insulin action on glucose uptake. These proteins are themselves negatively regulated by a series of specific GAPs (GTPase...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (5): 891–895.
Published: 26 October 2005
...A. Hall Rho, Rac and Cdc42, three members of the Rho family of small GTPases, each control a signal transduction pathway linking membrane receptors to the assembly and disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton and of associated integrin adhesion complexes. Rho regulates stress fibre and focal adhesion...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (4): 639–642.
Published: 01 August 2005
... the cell. It has been assumed that much of this specificity will be defined by determining which regulators of Arfs, the GEFs (guanine nucleotide-exchange factors) and GAPs (GTPase-activating proteins) function with which Arf proteins. Although in vitro assays may indicate Arf preferences for the numerous...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (4): 652–656.
Published: 01 August 2005
...B.R. Ali; M.C. Seabra Rab proteins are members of the superfamily of Ras-like small GTPases and are involved in several cellular processes relating to membrane trafficking and organelle mobility throughout the cell. Like other small GTPases, Rab proteins are initially synthesized as soluble...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (4): 627–630.
Published: 01 August 2005
...S. Pfeffer The human genome encodes almost 70 Rab GTPases. These proteins are C-terminally geranylgeranylated and are localized to the surfaces of distinct membrane-bound compartments in eukaryotic cells. This mini review presents a working model for how Rabs achieve and maintain their steady-state...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (4): 662–663.
Published: 01 August 2005
...I. Rubio Small modular GBDs (GTPase-binding domains) derived from GTPase-effector proteins are useful tools for the selective detection of the active GTP-loaded GTPase conformation, be it in biochemical assays or for imaging purposes. Use of GBD probes requires careful consideration of all features...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (4): 601–605.
Published: 01 August 2005
... or cytoskeletal reorganization. However, eukaryotic genomes encode additional proteins, which share the characteristic structural features of the Arf family, but the role of these ‘Arf-like’ (Arl) proteins is less well understood. This review discusses Arl1, a GTPase that is widely conserved in evolution...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2004) 32 (5): 707–711.
Published: 26 October 2004
... have suggested that small GTPases such as ARF family proteins play a role in defining PH domain localization. Some others have described a signalling role for PH domains in regulating small GTPases, although phosphoinositides may also play a role. These findings herald a change in our perspective of PH...