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Keywords: DNA replication
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Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2023) BST20221465.
Published: 05 May 2023
...Yuki Hatoyama; Masato T. Kanemaki The mini-chromosome maintenance proteins 2–7 (MCM2–7) hexamer is a protein complex that is key for eukaryotic DNA replication, which occurs only once per cell cycle. To achieve DNA replication, eukaryotic cells developed multiple mechanisms that control the timing...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2022) 50 (2): 675–688.
Published: 19 April 2022
... molecules and intrinsic factors such as epigenetic information. While the DNA replication process ensures that the sequences of sister chromatids are identical, how epigenetic information is re-distributed during ACD has remained largely unclear in multicellular organisms. Studies of Drosophila male...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (6): 2769–2778.
Published: 10 December 2020
... This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) . CMG helices Ctf4 DNA replication factory primate replisome DNA is duplicated by a multi-protein ‘replisome...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2020) 48 (3): 1057–1066.
Published: 05 May 2020
...Jacob S. Lewis; Alessandro Costa This review discusses recent advances in single-particle cryo-EM and single-molecule approaches used to visualise eukaryotic DNA replication reactions reconstituted in vitro . We comment on the new challenges facing structural biologists, as they turn to describing...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2019) 47 (4): 1067–1075.
Published: 08 August 2019
...Nitin Kapadia; Rodrigo Reyes-Lamothe Faithful DNA replication is required for transmission of the genetic material across generations. The basic mechanisms underlying this process are shared among all organisms: progressive unwinding of the long double-stranded DNA; synthesis of RNA primers...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2019) 47 (1): 239–249.
Published: 15 January 2019
... of complexity from a conserved catalytic core, no replicative DNA polymerase is universally conserved. Strikingly, four different families of DNA polymerases have evolved to perform DNA replication in the three domains of life. In Bacteria, the genome is replicated by DNA polymerases belonging to the A- and C...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2019) 47 (1): 351–356.
Published: 15 January 2019
...Stephen D. Bell It has been known for decades that the principal replicative DNA polymerases that effect genome replication are incapable of starting DNA synthesis de novo . Rather, they require a 3′-OH group from which to extend a DNA chain. Cellular DNA replication systems exploit a dedicated...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2018) 46 (6): 1643–1651.
Published: 04 December 2018
...Darshil R. Patel; Robert S. Weiss Eukaryotic cells continuously experience DNA damage that can perturb key molecular processes like DNA replication. DNA replication forks that encounter DNA lesions typically slow and may stall, which can lead to highly detrimental fork collapse if appropriate...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2017) 45 (3): 759–769.
Published: 15 June 2017
... replication flow stretching fluorescence microscopy magnetic tweezers single molecule If we consider the molecular processes that are central to life — DNA replication, transcription, translation, and cell division — intricate, precise and highly evolved mechanisms come to mind. These processes...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2014) 42 (1): 25–34.
Published: 23 January 2014
...Joseph T.P. Yeeles Reconstitution experiments using replication proteins from a number of different model organisms have firmly established that, in vitro , DNA replication is semi-discontinuous: continuous on the leading strand and discontinuous on the lagging strand. The mechanism by which DNA...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (6): 1712–1719.
Published: 20 November 2013
... cell division cycle 7 (Cdc7) DNA repair DNA replication meiotic cell division meiotic recombination replication checkpoint Cdc7 (cell division cycle 7) was originally identified in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as one of cdc mutants of the Hartwell collection [ 1 ]. Its...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (6): 1720–1725.
Published: 20 November 2013
... Society 2013 cell cycle development DNA replication origin of replication replication stress S-phase Genome duplication is an essential biological process that is tightly regulated and intricately co-ordinated with other cellular functions, including transcription, proliferation...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (6): 1701–1705.
Published: 20 November 2013
... compilation © 2013 Biochemical Society 2013 DNA replication intra-S checkpoint replication fork S-phase DNA damage checkpoint “The dream of every cell is to become two cells” is the basic tenet of the cell cycle, as stated by François Jacob in 1965. In order to achieve this dream, cells guard...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (2): 646–651.
Published: 21 March 2013
...Jorge B. Schvartzman; María-Luisa Martínez-Robles; Pablo Hernández; Dora B. Krimer DNA topology changes dynamically during DNA replication. Supercoiling, precatenation, catenation and knotting interplay throughout the process that is finely regulated by DNA topoisomerases. In the present article...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2013) 41 (1): 332–338.
Published: 29 January 2013
...Zhuo Li; Lori M. Kelman; Zvi Kelman DNA replication plays an essential role in all life forms. Research on archaeal DNA replication began approximately 20 years ago. Progress was hindered, however, by the lack of genetic tools to supplement the biochemical and structural studies. This has changed...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2012) 40 (4): 880–885.
Published: 20 July 2012
...Alexander M.J. Rattray; Berndt Müller Histone proteins are essential for the packaging of DNA into chromosomes. Histone gene expression is cell-cycle-regulated and coupled to DNA replication. Control of histone gene expression occurs at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level and ensures...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (2): 600–605.
Published: 22 March 2011
...-1 (checkpoint clamp of Rad9, Rad1 and Hus1 in humans and Ddc1, Rad17 and Mec3 in S. cerevisiae ; Ddc1-Mec3-Rad17) and the DNA replication initiation factor Dpb11 (human TopBP1) are the two known activators of Mec1. The 9-1-1 clamp functions in checkpoint activation in G 1 - and G 2 -phase, but its...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (1): 70–76.
Published: 19 January 2011
...Thomas R. Beattie; Stephen D. Bell Efficient processing of Okazaki fragments generated during discontinuous lagging-strand DNA replication is critical for the maintenance of genome integrity. In eukaryotes, a number of enzymes co-ordinate to ensure the removal of initiating primers from the 5′-end...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (1): 111–115.
Published: 19 January 2011
... systems in archaea are generally more similar to those in eukaryotes than those in bacteria, the order Methanococcales has a unique complement of DNA replication proteins, with multiple MCM (minichromosome maintenance) proteins and no obvious originbinding protein. A search for homologues of recombination...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (1): 163–168.
Published: 19 January 2011
...Stuart A. MacNeill Most of the core components of the archaeal chromosomal DNA replication apparatus share significant protein sequence similarity with eukaryotic replication factors, making the Archaea an excellent model system for understanding the biology of chromosome replication in eukaryotes...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (4): 926–930.
Published: 22 July 2009
...Ronan Broderick; Heinz-Peter Nasheuer The Cdc (cell division cycle) 45 protein has a central role in the regulation of the initiation and elongation stages of eukaryotic chromosomal DNA replication. In addition, it is the main target for a Chk1 (checkpoint kinase 1)-dependent Cdc25/CDK2 (cyclin...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (3): 605–613.
Published: 20 May 2009
...Ivaylo Stoimenov; Thomas Helleday Cancer is caused by genetic changes that often arise following failure to accurately replicate the DNA. PCNA (proliferating-cell nuclear antigen) forms a ring around the DNA to facilitate and control DNA replication. Emerging evidence suggests that PCNA...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (1): 108–113.
Published: 20 January 2009
...Stuart A. MacNeill The powerful combination of genetic and biochemical analysis has provided many key insights into the structure and function of the chromosomal DNA replication machineries of bacterial and eukaryotic cells. In contrast, in the archaea, biochemical studies have dominated, mainly...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (1): 1–6.
Published: 20 January 2009
...Alison D. Walters; James P.J. Chong There are a large number of proteins involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication, which act together to ensure DNA is replicated only once every cell cycle. Key proteins involved in the initiation and elongation phases of DNA replication include the MCM...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (1): 7–11.
Published: 20 January 2009
... and prevent dissociation. archaeon cell-division cycle 6 (Cdc6) DNA replication helicase minichromosome maintenance (MCM) origin of replication (ORC) The MCM (minichromosome maintenance) complex is the replicative helicase in archaea. Several archaeal MCM helicases have been studied...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2008) 36 (1): 136–140.
Published: 22 January 2008
...Alessandro Costa; Silvia Onesti The MCM2–MCM7 (minichromosome maintenance 2–7) complex is involved both in the initiation and the elongation step of eukaryotic DNA replication and is believed to be the replicative helicase. Whereas the mechanism of DNA unwinding at the replication fork has been...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2007) 35 (6): 1385–1388.
Published: 23 November 2007
... Biochemical Society 2007 genome stability DNA replication proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) Srs2 yeast E1 ubiquitin- or SUMO-activating enzyme E2 ubiquitin- or SUMO-conjugating enzyme E3 ubiquitin or SUMO ligase IDCL inter...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2007) 35 (6): 1525–1528.
Published: 23 November 2007
... effect of novel polymorphisms found in patients diagnosed with colon cancers. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email rhb7@leicester.ac.uk ). 26 6 2007 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2007 Biochemical Society 2007 canavanine DNA replication hereditary non...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2007) 35 (5): 1352–1354.
Published: 25 October 2007
... cancer therapy DNA replication homologous recombination poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) repair tumorigenesis During every round of DNA replication, moving replication forks encounter countless obstacles and lesions on the DNA template, such as DNA-bound proteins, difficult to replicate...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2007) 35 (5): 1334–1337.
Published: 25 October 2007
... involved in DNA replication and repair. In response to DNA-damaging agents, the budding yeast PCNA is modified with a polyubiquitin chain at a single lysine (K) residue, Lys 164 [ 14 ]. The conjugation reaction is a two-step process in which Rad6 and Rad18 attach the first ubiquitin moiety, which...
Articles
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2005) 33 (6): 1409–1412.
Published: 26 October 2005
... are using an RNA interference library, which is the first forward genetic approach used for these parasites. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed (email penglund@jhmi.edu ). 21 5 2005 © 2005 The Biochemical Society 2005 DNA replication kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) maxicircle...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2004) 32 (5): 731–732.
Published: 26 October 2004
...@utoronto.ca ). 2 7 2004 © 2004 The Biochemical Society 2004 affinity chromatography DNA replication EBNA1 immortalization p53 tandem affinity purification (TAP) tagging EBV (Epstein–Barr virus) is a γ-herpes virus with potent growth-transforming ability, which is carried...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2004) 32 (2): 236–239.
Published: 01 April 2004
...A.I. Majerník; E.R. Jenkinson; J.P.J. Chong DNA replication enzymes in the thermophilic Archaea have previously attracted attention due to their obvious use in methods such as PCR. The proofreading ability of the Pyrococcus furiosus DNA polymerase has resulted in a commercially successful product...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2004) 32 (2): 245–249.
Published: 01 April 2004
...Y. Shen; X.-F. Tang; E. Matsui; I. Matsui Family D DNA polymerase (PolD) has recently been found in the Euryarchaeota subdomain of Archaea. Its genes are adjacent to several other genes related to DNA replication, repair and recombination in the genome, suggesting that this enzyme may be the major...
Articles
Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (3): 669–673.
Published: 01 June 2003
...-mail J.P.J.Chong@bath.ac.uk ). Molecular Mechanisms and Manipulation in Archaea, a Biochemical Society-sponsored meeting held at The University of Nottingham, 30–31 January 2003 21 January 2003 © 2003 Biochemical Society 2003 DNA replication initiation mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM...
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Biochem Soc Trans (2003) 31 (1): 252–256.
Published: 01 February 2003
... completion of DNA replication and increased mutagenesis following UV irradiation. In cell-free extracts of XPV lymphoblasts, functional DNA polymerase η is required for the complete replication of a double-stranded plasmid containing either a single (6–4) photoproduct or a cyclobutane pyrimidine dime(CPD...