Mitochondria are generated by the expression of genes on both nuclear and mitochondrial genome. Mitochondrial biogenesis is highly plastic in response to cellular energy demand, developmental signals and environmental stimuli. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway regulates mitochondrial biogenesis to co-ordinate energy homeostasis with cell growth. The local translation of mitochondrial proteins on the outer membrane facilitates their efficient import and thereby allows prodigious mitochondrial biogenesis during rapid cell growth and proliferation. We postulate that the local translation may also allow cells to promote mitochondrial biogenesis selectively based on the fitness of individual organelle. MDI–Larp complex promotes the biogenesis of healthy mitochondria and thereby is essential for the selective transmission of healthy mitochondria. On the other hand, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)–Pakin activates protein synthesis on damaged mitochondria to maintain the organelle homeostasis and activity. We also summarize some recent progress on miRNAs' regulation on mitochondrial biogenesis.
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December 2016
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Cover Image
Views of the Fc region of human immunoglobulin A (IgA) with interaction sites for key host receptors highlighted in the upper images, and those for bacterial IgA binding proteins in the lower ones. The remarkable co-localisation of these sites illustrates how various bacterial pathogens have co-opted sites on immunoglobulins as an effective means to block the elimination mechanisms which immunoglobulins normally trigger. See pp. 1651–1658 for further information. Image provided by J. Woof.
Review Article|
December 02 2016
Translational regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis
Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
March 10 2016
Revision Received:
August 30 2016
Accepted:
September 02 2016
Online ISSN: 1470-8752
Print ISSN: 0300-5127
© 2016 The Author(s); published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
2016
Biochem Soc Trans (2016) 44 (6): 1717–1724.
Article history
Received:
March 10 2016
Revision Received:
August 30 2016
Accepted:
September 02 2016
Citation
Yi Zhang, Hong Xu; Translational regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Biochem Soc Trans 15 December 2016; 44 (6): 1717–1724. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20160071C
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