Up to 30% of all hospital admissions and health-care costs may be attributable to alcohol abuse. Ethanol, its oxidative metabolites, acetaldehyde and ROS (reactive oxygen species), non-oxidative metabolites of alcohol [e.g. FAEEs (fatty acid ethyl esters)] and the ethanol–water competition mechanism are all involved in the deregulation of glycoconjugate (glycoprotein, glycolipid and proteoglycan) metabolic processes including biosynthesis, modification, transport, secretion, elimination and catabolism. An increasing number of new alcohol biomarkers that are the result of alcohol-induced glycoconjugate metabolic errors have appeared in the literature. Glycoconjugate-related alcohol markers are involved in, or are a product of, altered glycoconjugate metabolism, e.g. CDT (carbohydrate-deficient transferrin), SA (sialic acid), plasma SIJ (SA index of apolipoprotein J), CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein), β-HEX (β-hexosaminidase), dolichol, EtG (ethyl glucuronide) etc. Laboratory tests based on changes in glycoconjugate metabolism are useful in settings where the co-operativeness of the patient is impaired (e.g. driving while intoxicated) or when a history of alcohol use is not available (e.g. after trauma). In clinical practice, glycoconjugate markers of alcohol use/abuse let us distinguish alcoholic from non-alcoholic tissue damage, having important implications for the treatment and management of diseases.
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February 2011
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Conference Article|
January 19 2011
Glycoconjugates in the detection of alcohol abuse
Napoleon Waszkiewicz;
Napoleon Waszkiewicz
1
*Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Plac Brodowicza 1, 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland
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Sławomir Dariusz Szajda;
Sławomir Dariusz Szajda
†Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
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Alina Kępka;
Alina Kępka
‡Department of Biochemistry and Experimental Medicine, the Children's Memorial Health Institute, Al. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
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Agata Szulc;
Agata Szulc
*Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Plac Brodowicza 1, 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland
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Krzysztof Zwierz
Krzysztof Zwierz
§Medical Institute, College of Computer Science and Business Administration, ul. Poznańska 141 B, 18-400 Łomża, Poland
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
September 08 2010
Online ISSN: 1470-8752
Print ISSN: 0300-5127
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2011 Biochemical Society
2011
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (1): 365–369.
Article history
Received:
September 08 2010
Citation
Napoleon Waszkiewicz, Sławomir Dariusz Szajda, Alina Kępka, Agata Szulc, Krzysztof Zwierz; Glycoconjugates in the detection of alcohol abuse. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 2011; 39 (1): 365–369. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST0390365
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