mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) plays a key role in determining how growth factor, nutrient and oxygen levels modulate intracellular events critical for the viability and growth of the cell. This is reflected in the impact of aberrant mTOR signalling on a number of major human diseases and has helped to drive research to understand how TOR (target of rapamycin) is itself regulated. While it is clear that amino acids can affect TOR signalling, how these molecules are sensed by TOR remains controversial, perhaps because cells use different mechanisms as environmental conditions change. Even the question of whether they have an effect inside the cell or at its surface remains unresolved. The present review summarizes current ideas and suggests ways in which some of the models proposed might be unified to produce an amino acid detection system that can adapt to environmental change.
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February 2009
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Conference Article|
January 20 2009
Amino acid sensing and mTOR regulation: inside or out?
Deborah C.I. Goberdhan;
Deborah C.I. Goberdhan
1
1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, U.K.
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email deborah.goberdhan@dpag.ox.ac.uk).
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Margret H. Ögmundsdóttir;
Margret H. Ögmundsdóttir
1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, U.K.
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Shubana Kazi;
Shubana Kazi
1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, U.K.
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Bruno Reynolds;
Bruno Reynolds
1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, U.K.
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Shivanthy M. Visvalingam;
Shivanthy M. Visvalingam
1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, U.K.
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Clive Wilson;
Clive Wilson
1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, U.K.
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C.A. Richard Boyd
C.A. Richard Boyd
1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, U.K.
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
October 01 2008
Online ISSN: 1470-8752
Print ISSN: 0300-5127
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society
2009
Biochem Soc Trans (2009) 37 (1): 248–252.
Article history
Received:
October 01 2008
Citation
Deborah C.I. Goberdhan, Margret H. Ögmundsdóttir, Shubana Kazi, Bruno Reynolds, Shivanthy M. Visvalingam, Clive Wilson, C.A. Richard Boyd; Amino acid sensing and mTOR regulation: inside or out?. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 2009; 37 (1): 248–252. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST0370248
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