Based on a variety of single-cell measurements, the notion that cAMP microdomains exist in cells is being increasingly embraced. The cellular and molecular underpinnings of this organization are also steadily being revealed. A dependence of Ca2+-sensitive ACs (adenylate cyclases) in HEK-293 cells (human embryonic kidney cells) on capacitative Ca2+ entry is enforced by their presence in lipid rafts and protein–protein interactions. In these cells, many of the participants in the cAMP cascade, including AC, phosphodiesterase 4, cAMP-dependent protein kinase [PKA (protein kinase A)] and protein phosphatase 2A, are now seen to be involved in higher order assemblies. Moreover, the presence of Na+/H+ exchanger 1 in these domains creates a microclimate, protected against global swings in cellular pH. The Ca2+-stimulatable AC8, which is targeted to these regions, can sequester calmodulin for its own regulatory purposes. These devices are a sampling of the multiple layers of organization that are in place – even in a simple cell – to ensure faithful and economical communication of the cAMP message.
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Conference Article|
July 21 2006
Layers of organization of cAMP microdomains in a simple cell
A.C.L. Martin;
A.C.L. Martin
1Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, U.K.
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D.M.F. Cooper
D.M.F. Cooper
1
1Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, U.K.
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email dmfc2@cam.ac.uk).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
March 13 2006
Online ISSN: 1470-8752
Print ISSN: 0300-5127
© 2006 The Biochemical Society
2006
Biochem Soc Trans (2006) 34 (4): 480–483.
Article history
Received:
March 13 2006
Citation
A.C.L. Martin, D.M.F. Cooper; Layers of organization of cAMP microdomains in a simple cell. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 2006; 34 (4): 480–483. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST0340480
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