Additional signals from VPAC/PAC family receptors

The receptors for the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide are strong activators of adenylate cyclase, but recent evidence suggests that they can elicit a number of additional intracellular signals. Some of these are likely to be downstream of the conventional adenylate cyclase pathway, but it is now clear that others reflect novel primary coupling events of the receptors.