GPX4 is a selenocysteine-containing protein that plays an essential role in repairing peroxidised phospholipids. Its role in organismal homeostasis has been known for decades, and it has been reported to play a pivotal role in cell survival and mammalian embryonic development. In recent years, GPX4 has been associated with a cell death modality dubbed ferroptosis. The framing of this molecular pathway of cell death was essential for understanding the conditions that determine GPX4 dependency and ultimately to the process of lipid peroxidation. Since its discovery, ferroptosis has been gaining momentum as a promising target for yet-incurable diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Given the current interest, in the present review, we provide newcomers in the field with an overview of the biology of GPX4 and cover some of its most recent discoveries.
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June 2022
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The pore-forming BCL-2 family proteins mediate mitochondrial poration to initiate apoptosis through protei–protein and protein–lipid interactions. Structural biology has been used to elucidate their mechanisms of activation, dimerization, and interaction with membranes, and AlphaFold, which relies solely on sequence information, can accurately predict the activated states, from Moldoveanu and colleagues, pages 35 to 47.
Review Article|
June 27 2022
GPX4: old lessons, new features
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Cell death and survival
Thamara Nishida Xavier da Silva;
Thamara Nishida Xavier da Silva
1Rudolf Virchow Zentrum, Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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José Pedro Friedmann Angeli;
1Rudolf Virchow Zentrum, Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
Correspondence: Irina Ingold (irina.ingold@tum.de) or José Pedro Friedmann Angeli (pedro.angeli@virchow.uni-wuerzburg.de)
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Irina Ingold
2Department of Medicine III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Correspondence: Irina Ingold (irina.ingold@tum.de) or José Pedro Friedmann Angeli (pedro.angeli@virchow.uni-wuerzburg.de)
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
May 03 2022
Revision Received:
June 02 2022
Accepted:
June 07 2022
Online ISSN: 1470-8752
Print ISSN: 0300-5127
© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
2022
Biochem Soc Trans (2022) 50 (3): 1205–1213.
Article history
Received:
May 03 2022
Revision Received:
June 02 2022
Accepted:
June 07 2022
Citation
Thamara Nishida Xavier da Silva, José Pedro Friedmann Angeli, Irina Ingold; GPX4: old lessons, new features. Biochem Soc Trans 30 June 2022; 50 (3): 1205–1213. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20220682
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