Cell division (mitosis) and gamete production (meiosis) are fundamental requirements for normal organismal development. The mammalian cell cycle is tightly regulated by different checkpoints ensuring complete and precise chromosomal segregation and duplication. In recent years, researchers have become increasingly interested in understanding how O-GlcNAc regulates the cell cycle. The O-GlcNAc post-translation modification is an O-glycosidic bond of a single β-N-acetylglucosamine sugar to serine/threonine residues of intracellular proteins. This modification is sensitive toward changes in nutrient levels in the cellular environment making O-GlcNAc a nutrient sensor capable of influencing cell growth and proliferation. Numerous studies have established that O-GlcNAcylation is essential in regulating mitosis and meiosis, while loss of O-GlcNAcylation is lethal in growing cells. Moreover, aberrant O-GlcNAcylation is linked with cancer and chromosomal segregation errors. In this review, we will discuss how O-GlcNAc controls different aspects of the cell cycle with a particular emphasis on mitosis and meiosis.
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April 2017
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This artistic rendition shows an Atomic Force Microscopy tip probing the mechanics of an individual virus particle. The colour scale of the particle indicates the deformation and stress of the viral shell obtained with Finite Element Analysis. The applied force is monitored by focusing a laser beam at the end of the microcantilever. For more information please see study by Moreno-Madrid et al. in this issue, pages 499–511. Image provided by Pedro De Pablo.
Review Article|
April 13 2017
The sweet side of the cell cycle
Ee Phie Tan;
Ee Phie Tan
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 64108, U.S.A.
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Francesca E. Duncan;
Francesca E. Duncan
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, U.S.A.
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Chad Slawson
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 64108, U.S.A.
Correspondence: Chad Slawson (cslawson@kumc.edu)
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
October 17 2016
Revision Received:
December 19 2016
Accepted:
January 05 2017
Online ISSN: 1470-8752
Print ISSN: 0300-5127
© 2017 The Author(s); published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
2017
Biochem Soc Trans (2017) 45 (2): 313–322.
Article history
Received:
October 17 2016
Revision Received:
December 19 2016
Accepted:
January 05 2017
Citation
Ee Phie Tan, Francesca E. Duncan, Chad Slawson; The sweet side of the cell cycle. Biochem Soc Trans 15 April 2017; 45 (2): 313–322. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20160145
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