The TOR (target of rapamycin) kinase is present in nearly all eukaryotic organisms and regulates a wealth of biological processes collectively contributing to cell growth. The genome of the model plant Arabidopsis contains a single TOR gene and two RAPTOR (regulatory associated protein of TOR)/KOG1 (Kontroller of growth 1) and GβL/LST8 (G-protein β-subunit-like/lethal with Sec thirteen 8) genes but, in contrast with other organisms, plants appear to be resistant to rapamycin. Disruption of the RAPTOR1 and TOR genes in Arabidopsis results in an early arrest of embryo development. Plants that overexpress the TOR mRNA accumulate more leaf and root biomass, produce more seeds and are more resistant to stress. Conversely, the down-regulation of TOR by constitutive or inducible RNAi (RNA interference) leads to a reduced organ growth, to an early senescence and to severe transcriptomic and metabolic perturbations, including accumulation of sugars and amino acids. It thus seems that plant growth is correlated to the level of TOR expression. We have also investigated the effect of reduced TOR expression on tissue organization and cell division. We suggest that, like in other eukaryotes, the plant TOR kinase could be one of the main contributors to the link between environmental cues and growth processes.
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April 2011
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Conference Article|
March 22 2011
Regulation of plant growth and metabolism by the TOR kinase
Thomas Dobrenel;
Thomas Dobrenel
*Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), UMR 1318 INRA AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
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Chloé Marchive;
Chloé Marchive
*Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), UMR 1318 INRA AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
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Rodnay Sormani;
Rodnay Sormani
*Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), UMR 1318 INRA AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
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Manon Moreau;
Manon Moreau
*Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), UMR 1318 INRA AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
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Milena Mozzo;
Milena Mozzo
†Laboratoire de Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
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Marie-Hélène Montané;
Marie-Hélène Montané
†Laboratoire de Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
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Benoît Menand;
Benoît Menand
†Laboratoire de Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
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Christophe Robaglia;
Christophe Robaglia
†Laboratoire de Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
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Christian Meyer
Christian Meyer
1
*Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), UMR 1318 INRA AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email cmeyer@versailles.inra.fr).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
November 08 2010
Online ISSN: 1470-8752
Print ISSN: 0300-5127
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2011 Biochemical Society
2011
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (2): 477–481.
Article history
Received:
November 08 2010
Citation
Thomas Dobrenel, Chloé Marchive, Rodnay Sormani, Manon Moreau, Milena Mozzo, Marie-Hélène Montané, Benoît Menand, Christophe Robaglia, Christian Meyer; Regulation of plant growth and metabolism by the TOR kinase. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 2011; 39 (2): 477–481. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST0390477
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