The reduction of (per)chlorate and nitrate in (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria shows similarities and differences. (Per)chlorate reductase and nitrate reductase both belong to the type II DMSO family of enzymes and have a common bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide)molybdenum cofactor. There are two types of dissimilatory nitrate reductases. With respect to their localization, (per)chlorate reductase is more similar to the dissimilatory periplasmic nitrate reductase. However, the periplasmic, unlike the membrane-bound, respiratory nitrate reductase, is not able to use chlorate. Structurally, (per)chlorate reductase is more similar to respiratory nitrate reductase, since these reductases have analogous subunits encoded by analogous genes. Both periplasmic (per)chlorate reductase and membrane-bound nitrate reductase activities are induced under anoxic conditions in the presence of (per)chlorate and nitrate respectively. During microbial (per)chlorate reduction, molecular oxygen is generated. This is not the case for nitrate reduction, although an atypical reaction in nitrite reduction linked to oxygen formation has been described recently. Microbial oxygen production during reduction of oxyanions may enhance biodegradation of pollutants under anoxic conditions.
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February 2011
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Conference Article|
January 19 2011
Nitrate and (per)chlorate reduction pathways in (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria
Margreet J. Oosterkamp;
Margreet J. Oosterkamp
1
*Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Farrakh Mehboob;
Farrakh Mehboob
1
†Ecotoxicology Research Programme, National Institute of Bioremediation, National Agriculture Research Centre, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Gosse Schraa;
Gosse Schraa
*Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Caroline M. Plugge;
Caroline M. Plugge
*Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Alfons J.M. Stams
Alfons J.M. Stams
2
*Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
2To whom correspondence should be addressed (email fons.stams@wur.nl).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
September 10 2010
Online ISSN: 1470-8752
Print ISSN: 0300-5127
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2011 Biochemical Society
2011
Biochem Soc Trans (2011) 39 (1): 230–235.
Article history
Received:
September 10 2010
Citation
Margreet J. Oosterkamp, Farrakh Mehboob, Gosse Schraa, Caroline M. Plugge, Alfons J.M. Stams; Nitrate and (per)chlorate reduction pathways in (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 2011; 39 (1): 230–235. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST0390230
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