One of the important cellular factors involved in the regulation of the host antimicrobial response is the immediate early response transcription factor NF-κB (nuclear factor κB). Human pathogenic micro-organisms trigger cellular signal transduction pathways that induce NF-κB, but pathogens have also found ways to overcome the inflammatory response through active manipulation of NF-κB regulators. Exploration of the mechanisms that influence NF-κB activity could contribute to a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of microbial infections and could be important for potential therapeutic intervention that may be relevant in a wide variety of inflammatory diseases.

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