Increased oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of many diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction and heart failure. In addition to the well-known damaging effects of oxygen-free radicals, ROS (reactive oxygen species) also have signalling roles, acting as second messengers that modulate the activity of diverse intracellular signalling pathways and transcription factors, thereby inducing changes in cell phenotype. NADPH oxidases appear to be especially important sources of ROS involved in redox signalling. Seven NADPH oxidase isoforms, known as Noxs (NAPDH oxidases), are expressed in a cell- and tissue-specific fashion. These oxidases are thought to subserve distinct functions as a result of their tightly regulated activation (e.g. by neurohormonal and growth factors and mechanical stimuli) and their specific coupling with distinct downstream signalling pathways. In the present paper, we review the structure and mechanisms of activation of NADPH oxidases and consider their involvement in redox signalling, focusing mainly on the cardiovascular system.
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October 2006
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Conference Article|
October 25 2006
Redox signalling involving NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species
R. Dworakowski;
R. Dworakowski
1Cardiovascular Division, Department of Cardiology, King's College London School of Medicine, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9PJ, U.K.
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N. Anilkumar;
N. Anilkumar
1Cardiovascular Division, Department of Cardiology, King's College London School of Medicine, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9PJ, U.K.
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M. Zhang;
M. Zhang
1Cardiovascular Division, Department of Cardiology, King's College London School of Medicine, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9PJ, U.K.
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A.M. Shah
1Cardiovascular Division, Department of Cardiology, King's College London School of Medicine, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9PJ, U.K.
2To whom correspondence should be addressed (email ajay.shah@kcl.ac.uk).
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Biochem Soc Trans (2006) 34 (5): 960–964.
Article history
Received:
June 26 2006
Citation
R. Dworakowski, N. Anilkumar, M. Zhang, A.M. Shah; Redox signalling involving NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 2006; 34 (5): 960–964. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST0340960
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