... 2019 The caspase family of proteases offers an attractive model for examining protein evolution because a common protein scaffold (the caspase-hemoglobinase fold) was used to develop subfamilies that differ in oligomeric states, enzyme specificity, and allosteric regulation. Caspase genes predate...

... Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2018 allosteric regulation cation transporter enzyme kinetics membrane-bound pyrophosphatase protein evolution pyrophosphate Membrane-bound pyrophosphatases couple the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate (PP i ) to the transport of H...

... The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2018 enzyme kinetics lysine biosynthesis oligomerisation protein evolution Enzymes of the diaminopimelate (DAP) pathway of lysine biosynthesis are of interest as metabolic engineering targets...

... and the evolution of proteins and macromolecular complexes. Recently, however, ASR has developed from a tool for testing hypotheses about protein evolution to a useful means for designing novel proteins. The strength of this approach lies in the ability to infer ancestral sequences encoding proteins that have...

... environment. Correspondence: Anssi M. Malinen ( anssi.malinen@utu.fi ) © 2016 The Author(s); published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2016 membrane transport protein evolution proton transport pyrophosphatase sodium transport 29 5 2016 1 8 2016...

... related to known mPPases and show an unusual pattern of regulation by Na + and K + . enzyme regulation membrane transport protein evolution proton pump proton transport pyrophosphatase Membrane-bound pyrophosphatases (mPPases; Transporter Classification Database number 3.A.10) couple...

..., protein structure–function and molecular evolution. However, the last several years have seen some exciting developments in combining these approaches to obtain an in-depth understanding of how proteins evolve. For example, a better understanding of how structural constraints affect protein evolution...

... protein evolution substrate selectivity Attention has been directed to mapping the pathways of protein evolution on the basis of point mutations that become selected by providing an increased selective advantage. An example is the evolution of the antibiotic resistance enzyme TEM-1 β-lactamase...

... ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/ ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. atomic force microscopy (AFM) mutational effect protein evolution protein stability single-molecule...

... concentrations were determined using the Bradford reagent (Bio-Rad, München, Germany) and BSA as the standard. amylase cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) protein evolution protein stability saccharide side reaction Mutants were constructed in pCScgt-tt as described in [ 16...

... 2007 7 3 2007 The Authors Journal compilation, The Biochemical Society, London 2007 chloroplast evolutionary tinkering Nicotiana protein evolution transcription factor transit peptide Chloroplasts are of endosymbiotic origin and derive from a cyanobacterium-like...

... in mRNAs from both species. These results suggest that both mRNA populations and translation efficiency changed during the amphidiploidization responsible for generation of N. tabacum . This scheme could reflect a molecular mechanism of protein evolution in plants. Plastids such as chloroplasts...