...Xuemin Wang; Christopher G. Proud Control of protein synthesis (mRNA translation) plays key roles in shaping the proteome and in many physiological, including homeostatic, responses. One long-known translational control mechanism involves phosphorylation of initiation factor, eIF2, which...

... cells to escape from immunosurveillance. Ablation of eEF2K in prostate and lung cancer cells markedly reduced the expression levels of the PD-L1 protein. We show that eEF2K promotes the association of PD-L1 mRNAs with translationally active polyribosomes and that translation of the PD-L1 mRNA...

...Asaf Ashkenazy-Titelman; Yaron Shav-Tal; Ralph H. Kehlenbach The genetic information encoded in nuclear mRNA destined to reach the cytoplasm requires the interaction of the mRNA molecule with the nuclear pore complex (NPC) for the process of mRNA export. Numerous proteins have important roles...

... mammalian mRNA and small nuclear RNA, where they are essential for many biological roles, including developmental processes and stem cell differentiation. These post-transcriptional modifications are enzymatically installed and removed in a site-specific manner by writer and eraser proteins respectively...

...Anne Roobol; Jo Roobol; Amandine Bastide; John R. P. Knight; Anne E. Willis; C. Mark Smales One of the key cellular responses to stress is the attenuation of mRNA translation and protein synthesis via the phosphorylation of eIF2α (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α). This is mediated...

..., specifically reduces the cellular levels of AIMP2-DX2 through selective degradation of the AIMP2-DX2 mRNA transcript. We found that BC-DXI01-mediated cell death positively correlates with AIMP2-DX2 expression in the lung cancer cell lines tested. Administration of BC-DXI01 in a AIMP2-DX2-driven tumour...

... of the full-length mRNA encoding the β1 subunit ( Itgb1 ) revealed an alternative functional cleavage and polyadenylation site that yields a new Itgb1 mRNA isoform 578 bp shorter than that previously reported. Using a variety of experimental and bioinformatic approaches, we found that the two Itgb1 isoforms...

... process and is dependent on a variety of protein cofactors that mediate their local regulation, structural characteristics and dynamics. In the present study, we show that mRNAs encoding some structural and regulatory components of the WAVE [WASP (Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein) verprolin homologous...

... energy status control protein synthesis in mammalian cells. The importance of proper control of mRNA translation is strikingly illustrated by the fact that defects in this process or its control are implicated in a number of disease states, such as cancer, tissue hypertrophy and neurodegeneration...

...Francis Sagliocco; Benoît Laloo; Bertrand Cosson; Laurence Laborde; Michel Castroviejo; Jean Rosenbaum; Jean Ripoche; Christophe Grosset The ARE (AU-rich element) is a post-transcriptional element controlling both mRNA turnover and translation initiation by primarily inducing poly(A) tail...

... the recruitment of ribosome-associated proinsulin mRNA, located in the cytoplasm, to the ER (endoplasmic reticulum), the site of proinsulin synthesis, and that this plays an important role in glucose-stimulated proinsulin synthesis. Interestingly, glucose has greater stimulatory effect on the recruitment...

...Nhu-Traï TRUONG; Arlette MONCION; Robert BAROUKI; Philippe BEAUNE; Isabelle de WAZIERS Diabetes has been reported to increase CYP2E1 (cytochrome P450) and CYP2B1 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels in rat livers. This increase has been attributed to mRNA stabilization and can be reversed...

... 2005 cAMP 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) mRNA Nkx2.5 transcriptional regulation 5′-untranslated region Serotonin (5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine) is a major neurotransmitter in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Of the 14 mammalian 5-HT receptor subtypes identified so...

... is not well understood. Here, studies were performed to map out the sequential intracellular signalling pathways through which compression-induced signals modulate aggrecan mRNA levels in bovine articular chondrocytes. Bovine articular cartilage explants were subjected to a compressive stress of 0.1MPa for 1h...

... translocation in both lymphocyte (CEM) and monocyte (U937) cells, it leads only to the production of mRNA species encoding interleukin-8 (IL-8) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α in U937 cells. Under similar conditions these mRNA species are not observed in CEM cells. With the use of a transient...

...Sherri WEISS SACHDEV; Roger A. SUNDE Glutathione peroxidase (GPX)1 mRNA in rat liver falls dramatically during Se deficiency to levels that are approx. 10% of Se-adequate levels. This regulation is mediated by mRNA stability, and is hypothesized to involve nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. mRNA levels...

...Tricia A. DIGGLE; Tatiana SUBKHANKULOVA; Kathryn S. LILLEY; Nita SHIKOTRA; Anne E. WILLIS; Nicholas T. REDPATH Elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF-2K) negatively regulates mRNA translation via the phosphorylation and inactivation of elongation factor-2 (eEF-2). We have shown previously that purified...

... (IREs)] which are recognized at the mRNA level by two cytoplasmic iron-regulatory proteins (IRP-1 and IRP-2). The IRPs belong to the aconitase superfamily. By means of an Fe-S-cluster-dependent switch, IRP-1 can function as an mRNA-binding protein or as an enzyme that converts citrate into isocitrate...

... levels of β 1 -receptor mRNA, absence of β 2 -receptor mRNA and high levels of β 3 -receptor mRNA were observed in mature brown adipocytes (day 6 in culture). Noradrenaline (norepinephrine) addition led to diametrically opposite effects on β 1 - (markedly enhanced expression) and β 3 -gene expression...

... to 0.2 in mature cartilage. The age-related decrease in link protein synthesis is controlled at least in part by transcriptional or post-trancriptional mechanisms, as shown by the accompanying age-related decrease in link-protein mRNA. The absence of any age-related decrease in aggrecan mRNA suggests...