... are critically discussed. The effects of several anti-diabetic drugs, particularly metformin, on hepatic gluconeogenesis are also considered. We conclude that the main effect of AMPK activation pertinent to the control of hepatic gluconeogenesis is to antagonize glucagon signalling in the short-term...

...Md. Kamrul H. Chowdhury; Lindsay E. Wu; James L.J. Coleman; Nicola J. Smith; Margaret J. Morris; Peter R. Shepherd; Greg C. Smith Recently, it has been found that glucagon is able to activate the β-catenin signalling pathway leading to increased cyclin D1 and c-Myc expression in liver. Therefore...

...Jelena A. Stamenkovic; Lotta E. Andersson; Alice E. Adriaenssens; Annika Bagge; Vladimir V. Sharoyko; Fiona Gribble; Frank Reimann; Claes B. Wollheim; Hindrik Mulder; Peter Spégel Altered secretion of insulin as well as glucagon has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes (T2D...

...-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β- D -ribofuranoside) or A769662 led to persistent GYS inactivation and Ser 7 phosphorylation, whereas inactivation by glucagon treatment was transient. In hepatocytes from mice harbouring a liver-specific deletion of the AMPK catalytic α1/α2 subunits, GYS2 inactivation by AICA...

... of cytosol and cyclic nucleotide also delayed MPT onset, and incubation with purified outer membranes led to phosphorylation of a major 31 kDa band. After ischaemia, administration at reperfusion of membrane-permeant cAMPs and cAMP-mobilizing glucagon prevented reperfusion injury to hepatocytes...

...Susumu Kodama; Rick Moore; Yukio Yamamoto; Masahiko Negishi The nuclear PXR (pregnane X receptor) was originally characterized as a key transcription factor that activated hepatic genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes. We have now demonstrated that PXR also represses glucagon-activated...

...Benoit R. Gauthier; Yvan Gosmain; Aline Mamin; Jacques Philippe The transcription factor Nkx6.1 is required for the establishment of functional insulin-producing β-cells in the endocrine pancreas. Overexpression of Nkx6.1 has been shown to inhibit glucagon gene expression while favouring insulin...

...Sanjeev K. Sharma; Ulrike Leinemann; Regine Ratke; Elke Oetjen; Roland Blume; Corinna Dickel; Willhart Knepel The pancreatic islet hormone glucagon stimulates hepatic glucose production and thus maintains blood glucose levels in the fasting state. Transcription factors of the Foxa [Fox ( f orkhead...

... to address this question and to determine the flux through the ADC reaction in isolated mitochondria obtained from rat liver. In addition, liver perfusion system was used to examine a possible action of insulin, glucagon or cAMP on a flux through the ADC reaction. In mitochondria and liver perfusion, 15 N...

..., the repeated administration of cysteine failed to cause the complete disappearance of this mRNA in 24 h. In hepatocytes in primary culture, cysteine plus methionine and glucagon had, independently, an approx. 4-fold inhibitory effect on the abundance of the 3-PGDH mRNA and caused its almost complete...