.... antibody protein purification protein–protein interaction tumour necrosis factors Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a pleiotropic cytokine that promotes inflammation and immune response [ 1 ]. TNFα is produced by cells of the immune system as a transmembrane protein arranged in homotrimers...

... implicated in the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Our interest in an antibody therapy to neutralize HtrA1 faces the complication that the target adopts a trimeric arrangement, with three active sites in close proximity. In the present study, we describe antibody 94, obtained from...

... requires an atomistic solution structure for IgA1, especially for its hinge region. There is no crystal structure for the full-length IgA1 antibody, a common issue with many antibodies and attributable to segmental flexibility at the hinge region that hinders crystal growth. Intact Y-shaped IgA structures...

...James A. Irving; Elena Miranda; Imran Haq; Juan Perez; Vadim R. Kotov; Sarah V. Faull; Neda Motamedi-Shad; David A. Lomas A monoclonal antibody (mAb) that binds to a transient intermediate may act as a catalyst for the corresponding reaction; here we show this principle can extend on a macro...

... of modification. To further elucidate HS structural organization, the relative position of different HS structures, identified by a set of phage-display-derived anti-HS antibodies, was established. Two strategies were employed: inhibition of HS biosynthesis using 4-deoxy-GlcNAc, followed by resynthesis...

...- and IL-13-mediated inflammatory responses to generate a novel antibody to the third ectodomain (D3) of IL-13Rα1 (IL-13 receptor α1), which forms a requisite binding site for both interleukins. This antibody potently neutralizes both IL-4 and IL-13 activities in vitro . Using X-ray crystallography...

... there was no interaction between Notch1 ELRs 21–30 and the ligands in vitro , addition of pre-clustered Jagged1Fc resulted in the dissociation of the preformed complex between ELRs 21–30 and 11–15, suggesting that inter-domain interactions compete for ligand binding. Furthermore, the antibodies against ELRs 21–30...

... an irreversible process. In the present study, we demonstrate that an active enzyme can be converted back into its zymogen form. We determined the crystal structure of uPA (urokinase-type plasminogen activator) in complex with an inhibitory antibody, revealing that the antibody ‘rezymogenizes’ already activated...

... principles for intervening with uPA's activity. In the present study we characterize the so-called autolysis loop in the catalytic domain of uPA as a potential inhibitory target. This loop was found to harbour the epitopes for three conformation-specific monoclonal antibodies, two with a preference...

...Vincent J. B. Ruigrok; Mark Levisson; Michel H. M. Eppink; Hauke Smidt; John van der Oost Antibodies are the most successful affinity tools used today, in both fundamental and applied research (diagnostics, purification and therapeutics). Nonetheless, antibodies do have their limitations, including...

...Yuki Abe; Jayesh Gor; Daniel G. Bracewell; Stephen J. Perkins; Paul A. Dalby Of the four human IgG antibody subclasses IgG1–IgG4, IgG4 is of interest in that it does not activate complement and exhibits atypical self-association, including the formation of bispecific antibodies. The solution...

...Rajkumar Ganesan; Charles Eigenbrot; Daniel Kirchhofer Antibodies display great versatility in protein interactions and have become important therapeutic agents for a variety of human diseases. Their ability to discriminate between highly conserved sequences could be of great use for therapeutic...

... a novel and efficient recombinant-antibody technology that led us to the isolation of inhibitory high-affinity human antibodies to the active-site region of a viral proteinase. As a proof-of-principal, we have successfully used this technology and the synthetic naive human combinatorial antibody library...

... Mps1 phosphorylation using combined mass spectrometric, mutational and phosphospecific antibody approaches. We have identified 16 sites of Mps1 autophosphorylation in vitro , several of which are required for catalytic activity after expression in bacteria or in cultured human cells. Using novel...

...Guillaume Boucher; Bilal Said; Elizabeth L. Ostler; Marina Resmini; Keith Brocklehurst; Gerard Gallacher A kinetically homogeneous anti-phosphate catalytic antibody preparation was shown to catalyse the hydrolysis of a series of O -aryl N -methyl carbamates containing various substituents in the 4...

...Regina WICHE; Michaela GUBESCH; Herbert KÖNIG; Kay FÖTISCH; Andreas HOFFMANN; Andrea WANGORSCH; Stephan SCHEURER; Stefan VIETHS Birch ( Betula verrucosa ) pollen-associated food allergy is a well-characterized syndrome, which is due to the cross-reactivity of IgE antibodies to homologous allergens...

... 3 2004 The Biochemical Society, London ©2004 2004 antibody Ig mucosa secretory immunoglobulin (sIg) transcytosis Abbreviations used: BAC, bacterial artificial chromosome; CDS, complete coding sequence; EST, expressed sequence tag; GG-pIgR, chicken ( Gallus gallus ) pIgR...

...), but additional mechanisms for removal of surface-bound antibody also operate. Four Rab proteins, Tb (trypanosomal) RAB4, 5A, 5B and 11 are located to the endosomal system; TbRAB5A and TbRAB11 co-localize with internalized anti-VSG antibody and transferrin. A live cell assay was used to record a single cycle...

... for antibodies. We have determined the solution structure of PepH14 by homonuclear NMR spectroscopy and derived distance restraints. Comparison of this structure with that of the corresponding antigenic loop of α-hCG reveals strong conformational similarities. In particular, the two pairs of residues...

...-tubulin bands were identified in microtubule protein preparations under conditions of non-denaturing electrophoresis. Immunoprecipitation experiments with monoclonal antibodies against γ-tubulin and α-tubulin revealed interactions of both γ-tubulin forms with tubulin dimers, irrespective of the size...

...Adrian P. BROWN; Simon CARNABY; Clare BROUGH; Melissa BRAZIER; Antoni R. SLABAS Antibodies were raised against the two membrane-bound lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT) enzymes from Limnanthes douglasii (meadowfoam), LAT1 and LAT2, using the predicted soluble portion of each protein...

..., for the presence of these SERCA3 variants in different tissue or cell types at the protein level. Here we report the co-expression of three human SERCA3 protein isoforms in platelets and T lymphoid Jurkat cells. Isoform-specific polyclonal anti-peptide antibodies have been generated that recognize specifically...

... affinity to (GR-FNIII)gp130. In assays measuring differentiation the (gp130-FNIII)GR cells were fully responsive to G-CSF, whereas the (GR-FNIII)gp130 cells responded fully to the agonistic anti-gp130 monoclonal antibody (mAb) B-S12, but not to IL-6 or LIF. Neutralizing mAbs that recognize the membrane...

... (Asn-Asn-Ser) is located at position 75 in the variable region of its heavy chain. The antibody was cleaved into its antigen-binding (Fab) and crystallizing fragments. The oligosaccharides of the Fab fragment were released by digestion with various endo - and exo glycosidases and analysed by anion...