... and neurodegenerative disorders, remains unknown. In this study, AβO induced mitochondrial dysfunction, enhanced Parkin-mediated mitophagy, and reduced mitochondrial quantities in hippocampal neuronal cells (HT-22 cells). We demonstrated that AβO-induced mitochondrial fragmentation could be rescued to the elongated...

... be prevented by cyclosporine A (a blocker of mitochondrial permeability transition pore). These results indicate that iron cytotoxicity is mediated by α-synuclein acting on mitochondria. Likewise siRNA mediated knock-down of Parkin causes an accumulation of α-synuclein accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction...

...Gary S. Shaw The dysfunction of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin is a key contributor to the development of early-onset Parkinson's disease. Parkin is responsible for the labelling of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins with the small modifier protein ubiquitin in response to oxidative stress...

...) is activated by mitochondrial depolarization and stimulates the Parkin E3 ligase by phosphorylating Ser 65 within its Ubl (ubiquitin-like) domain. Using phosphoproteomic analysis, we identified a novel ubiquitin phosphopeptide phosphorylated at Ser 65 that was enriched 14-fold in HEK (human embryonic kidney...